3 40 755 https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/1acf492f9aa6c42b94f27c8dbccdf8f2.JPG 2c699255242398019fa500edcfd2e61a Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Banana Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Image of housemate's banana Abstract A summary of the resource. For my exhibition, I took a photo of a ripened (possibly over-ripened banana). This is an item that my housemate finds meaningful to him. I knew he liked bananas because whenever we go food shopping, he always insists on purchasing copious amounts of bananas. I happened to run into him in the library and as usual, he had a banana right by his side. He informed me that he starting eating bananas as a baby, probably in the liquid form. He emphasized how it provides sustenance throughout the day. I specifically asked him what he felt about this banana being overly ripened. He said he had no problem with its color and it was perfectly ok to eat. The exact words he used were” It is overly ripened like my soul”. This may give some insight into the character of my housemate. After asking him a few a more questions, he raised the banana to his left ear and pretended it was a telephone. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kanengiser, J. fruit POD Spring 2016 https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/47184774c197c57c5476db489fcc9e33.jpg 7b475becfcadd023568fc5fcb2966386 https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/5e6d7c9284fe8d27ef3e6b5d671e5edf.jpg 08714514c54e5527665c941bda1bdf5e https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/286db6ec1970a29caf69293a9298d3b3.jpg 3f58956c94bf292da56835add276057d https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/c05d460c477a76d27b1b0ca282e6dccd.jpg 17ec9fc8fb7dc75daeb5e83caa0338e4 https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/f8e777f0934a195ffcbeb124bd05430f.jpg cecc603773b590a927fd74190662637d https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/76d70ac09fa775c818b2107a06949dee.zip 509ef38bd2c682b44caee18beb21ba44 https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/959e52be13dfc5c495dccd58a9641eda.m4a 9134f652f052c659a2ed1dafe54a7a51 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Oral History Description An account of the resource Many people who have worked or studied at Skidmore College or lived in Saratoga Springs or the surrounding area carry the memories that help us tell the stories of our communities. This collection offers a glimpse into our past in the voices of those who have shared their stories. Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Barbara Stroock Kaufman Interview Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource August 30, 2015 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Rebecca Z Stern '16 Description An account of the resource Barbara Stroock Kaufman '40 studied Studio Art at Skidmore College. Though she never finished her degree, Kaufman continued as a sculptor. Her art, influenced by Asian cultures, decorates Skidmore's memorial garden. In this interview, conducted in her Woodstock, VT home, Kaufman reflects on what Skidmore's art program, housing, and dating culture was like. She is joined by her granddaughter Stacey Gerrish '87. Language A language of the resource Eng. Date Submitted Date of submission of the resource. Examples of resources to which a Date Submitted may be relevant are a thesis (submitted to a university department) or an article (submitted to a journal). 9/23/15 alumna alumni interview oral history https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/d3e2a4d12ebe04311d6d62b3016e0ad6.pdf 58928939cec69208157bfd77a9a3ca43 PDF Text Text American Academy of Political and Social Science Barriers to the Employment of Older Workers Author(s): Albert J. Abrams Source: The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 279, Social Contribution by the Aging (Jan., 1952), pp. 62-71 Published by: Sage Publications, Inc. in association with the American Academy of Political and Social Science Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1028796 Accessed: 01-11-2015 13:53 UTC Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/ info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. American Academy of Political and Social Science and Sage Publications, Inc. are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. http://www.jstor.org This content downloaded from 141.222.2.81 on Sun, 01 Nov 2015 13:53:53 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions �to Barriers the Employmentof OlderWorkers By ALBERTJ. ABRAMS T HERE are two main types of barriers that hinder the older job applicant-the indirect and the direct. The indirect type is found in industrial processes and techniques which exclude older job seekers though not instituted primarily to do so. (These include restricted-entry jobs, promotion-fromwithin systems, pensions, unvalidated medical and psychological tests, timepressure tasks, and certain union regulations.) The indirect type of barrieris also found in culture bars within and without industry which have an impact on industry, such as glorification of youth, upward gradients, a high-energy society, and success values based on job status and monetary return. The direct type is found in the following: written rules excluding job seekers over a predetermined chronological age; unwritten rules followed by hiring or screening authorities to bar applicants over a predetermined chronological age; deficiencies of the older worker, whether in training, adjustability, or preparation for job seeking; and lack of public or private counseling and placement service geared to older job seekers. It should be emphasized that barriers against older job seekers are not peculiar to American industry. There is evidence that they exist in underdeveloped and agrarian economies as well as in industrial societies, and in statist as well as democratic regimes. The extent and intensity of such obstacles may vary depending upon a host of factors, such as the significance of work in the culture, the role assigned to older persons in the family, and provision of work substitutes; but through- out the world, employers generally are not eager to hire older persons. MEASURESOF FORMALAGE BARRIERS The resistance of employers to the employment of older workers is indicated by three post-World War II surveys. A community-wide study of 38 firms employing 62,828 workers in Rochester, New York indicated that 29.5 per cent of the companies imposed a maximumage limit "above which new employees are not ordinarily hired."1 A state-wide survey by State Senator Thomas C. Desmond, chairman of the New York State Joint Legislative Committee on Problems of the Aging, disclosed that 39 per cent of 172 companies admitted imposing formal aging barriers.2 A nation-wide joint survey of 277 concerns by the National Association of Manufacturers and the United States Chamber of Commerce in 1949 indicated that 26 per cent of the firms "did not follow a practice" of hiring older workers.3 The NAM two decades earlier had conducted a similar inquiry and found that 28 per cent of the firms had such age barriers.4 1Industrial Management Council, Community Survey of Employment of the Elderly, Rochester, N. Y., Jan. 1, 1948, 7 pp. 2 Albert J. Abrams, "Industry Views its Elderly Workers," in Birthdays Don't Count (Albany, N. Y.: New York State Joint Legislative Committee on Problems of the Aging, Leg. Doc. 61 of 1948), pp. 152-53. 3National Association of Manufacturers, Industrial Relations Department Report, Employment of the Physically Handicapped and Older Workers (New York, 1949), p. 15. 4National Association of Manufacturers, 62 This content downloaded from 141.222.2.81 on Sun, 01 Nov 2015 13:53:53 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions �BARRIERS TO THE EMPLOYMENT OF OLDER WORKERS A 1930 study of firms in New York State concluded that "in approximately one-quarter of the moderate-sized and large companies including 40 per cent of the jobs in the state, the older person would encounter an insurmountablehiring bar. His chances of being accepted would be practically zero." 5 Thus over a period of twenty years, from one-quarter to two-fifths of firms queried in various surveys have admitted the imposition of direct formal barriers. These figures are only suggestive. A more realistic yardstick to measure the prevalence of formal age barriers is the data in job orders filed with public employment service agencies. A study made in 1950 showed that in New York State, of 3,500 job openings 25 per cent had an age limitation; in Columbus, Ohio, of 3,925 openings 81 per cent had age restrictions for women, 75 per cent for men; in Lancaster, Pennsylvania of 511 openings 60 per cent had age restrictions; in Birmingham, Alabama 90 per cent of the openings, and in Dallas, Texas 50 per cent, specified age restrictions.6 Another measurement of age bias is the extent to which "help wanted" advertisements contain such restrictions. A recent analysis of 3,474 job opportunities for males advertised in the New York Times showed that 38.2 per cent included an age limitation.7 Public Old Age Pensions (New York, 1930), p. 24. 5 Solomon Barkin, "The Older Worker in Industry,"in Report of the Joint Legislative Committee on Unemployment, Leg. Doc. 66, 1933 (Albany, N. Y.: J. B. Lyon Co.), pp. 190-204. 6 U. S. Dept. of Labor, Bureau of Employment Security,Older WorkersSeek Jobs, Aug. 1951, 10 pp. 7Walter G. O'Donnell, "The Problem of Age Barriersin Personnel Selection,"in Personnel (New York: American Management Association,May 1951), pp. 461-71. 63 PATTERN OF AGE BARRIERS VARIES It is clear that age barriers are a pervasive force in industry. However, the pattern of the barriersvaries widely from industry to industry, from job to job, and from community to community. Advertising and public utility firms are notorious for rigid utilization of inflexible age requirements. New industries such as chemicals, plastics, and aviation customarily impose age restrictions to a greater extent than older industries. The age bars are not as numerous in the service industries or in service jobs in any industry. There is a tendency to ignore age restrictions for jobs requiring a high degree of skill, such as tool and die maker. Large concerns are more likely to impose age restrictions than are medium or small firms. An indication of the different levels at which age barriers are imposed in various jobs is seen in the fact that restaurantswill take highly skilled people like cooks up to 65 years of age, but waitresses, waiters, and counter people meet resistance at age 50 or earlier. Hotel clerks run up against age barriers at 40. Professional nurses over 40 find difficulty obtaining jobs on hospital staffs but can be placed on private duty. In commercial offices, the age limit is frequently 35 for women and 45 for men except in specialized fields such as legal stenography, insurance brokerage, and sometimes bookkeeping. CULTUREBARRIERS The disregardin our high-energy culture for the biological, social, and economic demands of life in the later years must be viewed as a temporary, transitional phenomenon. More satisfactory adjustments are being sought amid rapidly changing values. There This content downloaded from 141.222.2.81 on Sun, 01 Nov 2015 13:53:53 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions �64 THE ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY is developing a planned, conscious effort to re-examine, re-evaluate, and reshape the attitudes and policies of society toward its older people.8 This issue of THE ANNALS is in itself an overt manifestation of this conscious effort. These efforts clash with our traditional culture values which impede the hiring of older workers. We are a nation of youth worshipers. Our national heroes are not philosophers or physicists, but twenty-year-old baseball players and teen-age Hollywood stars whose obvious lack of dramatic powers is obscured by more obvious features. Many respectable corporate fortunes are being made today by successfully conditioning the public to a dread of aging. The purveyors of face creams, liver pills, slenderizingmechanisms,and so forth hold before us the grim prospect of a wrinkled, obese, ill old age. Youth, youth, youth! We idealize it. We crave it. We fear its loss. How natural that industry should fall prey to the theme fostered by itself, and call for workers with "zing," "bounce," "drive," "aggressiveness," and for women "with looks"! Age respect has certainly withered before intergeneration mobility, industrialization, and urbanization. But another restricting force is the exaltation of upward gradients. Anthropologists inform us that we value not past success or past eminence but continued upward achievements. "Going to the top" is our goal. And once at the top, we must continue to find new heights. Confronted with pressures of this type, the older person is likely to flounder, become disheartened, deem himself a failure, accelerate the likelihood of his 8 See MargaretMead, "CulturalContextsof Aging," in No Time to Grow Old (Albany, N. Y.: New York State Joint Legislative Committee on Problems of the Aging, 1951), pp. 48-51. inability to obtain work, and remove himself from the labor market entirely. The gradual disappearance of the kinship-oriented conjugal family which provided status, emotional security, and often work security for the aged is another block in the path of the older person. In days gone by, "working for relatives" was quite common among older persons. The family took care of the work needs of older people. Today with the family economy gone, and with family businesses replaced by corporate structures, the opportunities for such jobs are restricted. CULTURAL AIDS There are numerous cultural forces which are operating to advance work opportunities for older persons. The premium we place on autonomy from infancy to senility forces many older people into the labor market who otherwise might not seek employment. Since opportunities for older persons to be autonomous are less numerous than such persons, our older adults are often held in disrepute in the family, in the commnuity, and in the personnel office. Increasingly older persons want to be "on their own." Sociologists point out that apart from any biological need for activity, paid work becomes the means of mediating the conflicts that rage in families when individuals have feelings toward responsibility for their parents which conflict with pressures to protect the living standards and future of their own children. One of the most hopeful of the current cultural forces is the tendency to glorify the worth of the individual and to maximize his opportunities. The emergence of this culture value will serve to mold industrial, economic and policical policies to the advantage of older men in the labor market. Other societal pressures operating for the older job seeker are those which This content downloaded from 141.222.2.81 on Sun, 01 Nov 2015 13:53:53 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions �BARRIERS TO THE EMPLOYMENT OF OLDER WORKERS 65 establish work as status, as prestige, as success, as power. The lack of interhuman associations apart from work also helps to build up pressure for expanding job opportunities for older persons. There are thus at present conflicting cultural forces in our society which are stimuli and inhibitors of employment opportunitiesof older persons. workers. Prejudice against them may not diminish in a tight labor market, but its overt manifestations and its practical impact are lessened. The prejudice lies simmering, awaiting an opportunity to steam forth in repressive age restrictions. Even in times of labor shortage, defense plants and governmental agencies will advertise for workers "under 35" LACK OF JOBS or "under 45" depending on the type As obvious as Cyrano's nose, the of position. One recent study, howmain barrier to the employment of ever, indicated that among those 65 older workers is simply a lack of avail- and over, only 17 per cent had been able jobs. A United States Employ- seeking a job for twenty weeks or more ment Service survey disclosed that as in a tight labor area, compared with "unemployment increases, employer almost 29 per cent in an area of very specifications with respect to age are substantial labor surplus.l2 tightened and the per cent of older BY ERECTED OLDERJOB BARRIERS workers among the jobless increases SEEKERS . .and if not reemployed at their Out of the new research on the older regular work, [the older workers] are usually downgradedin skill and pay." 9 job seeker has come awareness that he Similar conclusionshave been reached is one of his own main obstacles.13 He by studies in various foreign coun- often comes to the task of seeking a job tries.10 World-wide, the plight of the with little understanding of the nature older worker varies in intensity with of the project. He lacks skill in merthe extent of employment or the condi- chandising himself-does not know how tion of the labor market.1l If the de- to carry on an aggressive sales cammand for labor can be broadened par- paign in his own behalf. He may be a ticularly in areas of high technological poor letter writer. He may be so afchange, declining industries, contract- fected by what can only be described ing employment, or underdevelopment, as "unemployment shock" that he reolder workers will find it easier to ob- acts in interviews either with overtain work. timidity or with overaggressiveness. He However, the condition of full em- often lacks familiarity with the job ployment will not ipso facto eliminate leads in his field, such as trade direcall obstacles to the hiring of older tories and publications. 9 Robert C. Goodwin, "The Older Worker Very frequently, the older worker is in the Labor Market," in Young at any Age unfamiliar with the principle of con(Albany: New York State Joint Legislative version. A watchmaker thinks only in Committee on Problems of the Aging, Leg. terms of watchmaking instead of any Doc. 12, of 1950), p. 79. 10 See International Labour Office, Discrimination Against Elderly Workers, Geneva, 1938 (mimeo.). 11Albert J. Abrams, "Discrimination in Employment of Older Workers in Various Countries of the World," abstracted in Journal of Gerontology, Vol. 6 (July 1951), supp. to No. 3, p. 51. 12 U. S. Dept. of Labor, Bureau of Employment Security, Older Workers at the Public Employment Office, Aug. 9, 1950. 13New York State Employment Service and Division of Placement and Unemployment Insurance, Employment Problems of Older Workers in New York City, Aug. 1950, 123 pp. This content downloaded from 141.222.2.81 on Sun, 01 Nov 2015 13:53:53 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions �66 THE ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY related precision work. A sheet metal worker thinks in terms of sheet metal work alone rather than allied metal work jobs. This failure to dissect his own talents properly hits especially hard at those men who have worked for years at one single operation which has become obsolete. The high obsolescence of machinery and skills in modern industry and the increased mobility of industry itself are severe, real barriers to the employment aspirations of older persons. They often serve to leave older workers, with long experience on a single job or single machine, high and dry. The pace of modern production lines often is not attuned to reaction timing of aging nervous systems. Experienced counselors are familiar with the reactions of older men with stable work histories who are suddenly cast out of a job; the counselor often finds that "time purges unrealistic demands," but it is a harsh cure. The worker whose production is declining imposes his own barriers when he refuses to recognize his own failing capacities and adjust to them, when he refuses to accept work of lower prestige or status, lower skill, or lower pay than he has been accustomed to in the past. Many men resist wearing hearing aids, glasses, or other appliances which would enable them to remain on the job or expedite their adjustment to a new job. They often fail to realize that they would be much more likely to obtain employment if they searched for work in plants that are out of town or uptown instead of downtown, or if they would consider split-shift jobs. When the older worker is "set in his ways," when he obviously has a knowit-all attitude that alienates younger supervisors or other associates, when he suffers from emotional disturbances which may be related to climacteric changes, family difficulties, or other factors, he is obviously his own barrier. Sometimes women resist brushing up on old skills when they re-enter the labor field after years of layoff to raise families, and find difficulty obtaining work such as bookkeeping,stenography, typing, or photography. Many of these obstacles fortunately can be prevented or overcome. The older workers can themselves block development of many of these self-made barriers or can be aided in skirting them through the aid of skilled employment counselors. INDUSTRY OBSTACLES Many of our foremost production executives argue that hiring older job seekers means increasing production costs. Mr. Charles E. Wilson, shortly before leaving General Electric Company to become Director of Defense Mobilization, informed the Desmond Committee that "keeping older people with diminished capacity in the labor force tends to raise costs appreciably and reduce efficiency." The coupling of "older people" with "diminished capacity" is significant, as one of the dominant stereotypes in industrial thinking is the linking of older workers with decreased production. However, there are no data which indicate that older men generally produce less than younger men, or that younger men can keep pace with older men on certain types of jobs, or that older men cannot keep up with younger men on other types of jobs if permitted to sit rather than stand, or if permitted occasional rest periods. On the contrary, a Desmond Committee survey showed that nearly threefourths of the firms reporting indicated that older workers produce as much as younger workers. A NAM survey indicated that one-third of the reporting concerns felt that the quantity of work of the older person was greater, and a This content downloaded from 141.222.2.81 on Sun, 01 Nov 2015 13:53:53 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions �BARRIERS TO THE EMPLOYMENT OF OLDER WORKERS majority of them believed that the quality of work was superior. Nonetheless, there is widespread belief in management circles that since our Americaneconomy is based on lowcost mass production, this conflicts with the hiring of older job seekers. Closely associated with this concept is the rationalization that younger men are needed for competitive strength. "We need young, hard-hitting, aggressive employees," the employer says, "if we are to compete successfully." The values of mature judgment, experience, and know-how are rarely equated with "drive," "pep," "dynamic personality." Pension and compensation rates Pensions may indeed prove costly, when older men are hired. For example, a single premium for a newly hired 40-year-old who is to be retired at 65 with a $100-a-month annuity may cost a firm $6,823; for a 55-year-old, $10,623; for a 60-year-old, $13,860.14 While these figures are approximations, and will vary depending on the type of pension arrangementset up, they indicate that the penalty for hiring an older worker under current pension systems may be felt keenly; this is not likely to be true, however, of pension systems operated on a cents-an-hour basis which disregards the age of individual employees. Mr. William White, president of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad Company, recently informed the Desmond Committee that since pension plans usually require long periods of service to qualify for annuities, concerns are hesitant to hire those who will not benefit from the pension plans because of an insufficientnumber of years 14 Assumes a 214 per cent interest rate, based on 1937 standard annuity mortality rates, set back one year and loaded 8 per cent of gross. 67 remaining before compulsory retirement. Firms are reluctant to hire shortterm help who will be retired on a pittance. Mr. Eugene Holman, president of Standard Oil Company (New Jersey), emphasizes that pension plans which require workers to serve a long number of years with a particular concern "introduce inflexibility into the labor market and discourage the hiring of older employees." There is no conclusive evidence that workmen's compensation rates generally go up as older men are hired. Senator Desmond assails this contention as "a myth of management," conjured up from isolated cases of large compensation awards granted in instances of injuries to older men. He reports: show that while accidents Investigations tend to be more severe amongelderlyand the duration of disability longer, older workerstend to have fewer accidents,and are less likely,due to theirknow-how, be to burned,crushed,cut, punctured,or lacerated on the job. Too, the rate-making process does not take into account age. Adoptionof so-calledSecondInjury Laws tends to reduce the risk of employersin hiringolderpersonswith disabilities. Other personnel policy factors Another frequently expressed reason for barring older job seekers is the need to maintain a balanced labor force. Since many American companies do keep in their employ workers of many years' seniority, they sometimes fear permitting entry of newcomers in the upper age brackets, as tending to an overload of aged. "But if we hire older men we will be cutting down job opportunities for youth. Youngsters have to be given a chance too." This lament is often heard. It is based on the questionable assumption of a restricted job pool. This content downloaded from 141.222.2.81 on Sun, 01 Nov 2015 13:53:53 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions �68 THE ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY Furthermore, there are many jobs youngsters do not want or cannot fill, such as dead-endjobs, monotonousjobs, technical supervising jobs. Nonetheless, the youth-versus-age conflict is a very real restrictor of job opportunities for older workers. Many companies cite their policy of "promoting from within" as seriously restricting their ability to hire older workers. Entry jobs are restricted to low-pay, low-skill posts, such as office boy, sweeper, and junior clerk, and it is expected that persons filling those jobs will be promoted through the ranks in accordance with an industrial career system. For the company this is expected to build a "team spirit" and "better morale," which in turn are expected to lower turnover and step up production. The inflexibility of these promotion systems which bar entry of high-level talent of mature years and conflict with the realities of an aging labor force calls for re-examination. Even when a company does not have a rigid promotion-from-within policy, there is often a feeling that the "family spirit" within the plant cannot be developed in workers hired late in life. Among the main impedimenta to the hiring of older workers are a host of unverified premises. For example, a recent study in the needle-trades industry disclosed these attitudes: "Old people think they know everything and insist on doing things their own way"; "they're sick too often"; "they can't get along with younger workers"; "old people can't turn out enough work"; "they're going to retire soon on pensions, and we need workers who will stay on the job"; "they can't get around fast enough"; "they can't stand on their feet too long"; "you can't ask old folks to do heavy work." The validity of many of these attitudes is questionable; all cry out for scientific analysis and verification. But that they compose a very formidable barricade to the older job seeker is unquestioned. EMPLOYMENT TECHNIQUES Recent inquiries have shown that older job seekers are commonly given little consideration in public employment agencies. Experiments in the United States and Canada have indicated that when special attention is given in the form of counseling and extra placement efforts, twice as many older persons obtain employment as under usual procedures. Until the public employment service is financially enabled to provide the necessary personnel to give special service to the 40plus group, and until federal funds are allocated to the state employment offices on a work-load basis, the older worker will continue to meet his first barrier to a job when he steps into a public employment office. At the plant, a magnificent array of pseudo-scientific medical and psychological tests authorized by personnel directors who confuse the apparatus of science with science itself adds to the obstacles that lie in wait for the older man or woman who seeks a job. The medical job-screening examinations, for example, are rarely related to the job that is available. Too, they aim to ferret out disease rather than to assess health status or ability to work in relationship to a specific job. Industrial physicians are primarily doctors, and, as such, are disease hunters, rather than physiological experts capable of determining with precision stamina and and health status. Cardiac specialists, for example, constantly complain of medical generalists in industry who simply are unaware of the work tolerances of a job applicant with a heart impairment. The physician attached to a small plant in particular is likely to be wholly unfamiliar with job demands. This content downloaded from 141.222.2.81 on Sun, 01 Nov 2015 13:53:53 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions �BARRIERS TO THE EMPLOYMENT OF OLDER WORKERS 69 Psychological tests of personality or ployment of the older worker is the aptitudes generally have been validated lack of job analysis data which would on younger persons-college students give management an accurate picture for the most part. No one knows of the demands of each job. These, whether they are at all valid for older used in conjunction with physical depeople; in fact there are a number of mands data, could be utilized to place reasons to doubt their applicability to older workers in jobs for which they older persons. They are often unmean- are suited. Is it in the very nature of our indusingful to older persons who are not test oriented, as are young people who trial society that our older workersmust have been tested and retested from be discarded and thwarted in their efelementary grades through colleges. forts to obtain work? There is no inThe tests are often unrelated to the dication that there is anything inherent specific job opening. They may impose in a complex, mass production economy time-pressure limitations that are not to prevent the hiring of older workers. imposed by the job itself. The presi- Some large companies, such as Eastdent of one concern which utilizes psy- man Kodak and Endicott Johnson, do chological tests to screen job appli- hire older workers successfully. The cants informs me that he has come to main obstacle is lack of data, lack of appreciate the deficiencies of the test research, lack of knowledge. Stemming when dealing with older persons, and from these are obstacles of attitudes so automatically upgrades scores of and prejudices. Machines can be the 40-plus applicants! "Evaluation adapted to gray-haired men, and grayof the work ability of older persons is haired men can be adapted to maless simple, is less adapted to routine chines. But when the foe is not maprocedure, and requires more time and chines but ignorance and prejudice, the consideration," one investigator points task is much more difficult. out.15 BARRIERS BY UNIONS When hiring is done at the gate, individual prejudices against older men The barriers imposed by unions to block their obtaining an equal chance the hiring of older workers are largely at jobs. When the hiring or screening of an indirect nature and have not been is done in the personnel office by crew- given thorough, critical analysis.16 The cut, bow-tie juveniles fresh out of col- older worker is one of labor's constitulege, the older worker is often at a ents, hnd the unions are, it may be serious disadvantage. Dr. Irving Lorge assumed, just as likely on the whole to and J. Tuckerman of Columbia Univer- seek to promote his interests as is a sity Teachers College have conducted California Congressmanthe interests of research which indicates that even a Long Beach taxpayer. Union pressophisticated individuals such as gradu- sures for old-age insurance, corporate ate students of psychology have ab- pensions, medical benefits, seniority, sorbed prejudices against older job ap- and full employment have operated to plicants. protect the older person. However, One of the major obstacles to the em- the interest of unions in the older worker varies considerably depending 15 Arthur J. Noetzel, Jr., Personnel Administration and the Older Worker (Cleveland: Welfare Federation of Cleveland, Occupational Planning Committee, Jan. 12, 1951, mimeo.), p. 6. 16 A preliminary analysis is contained in Albert J. Abrams, "Unions and the Older Worker," in No Time to Grow Old, op. cit. note 8 supra, pp. 119-44. This content downloaded from 141.222.2.81 on Sun, 01 Nov 2015 13:53:53 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions �70 THE ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY on a host of factors such as age of union members, age of union leadership, nature of the industry organized, and stage of unionization achieved. One of the obstacles to the hiring of older workers is the refusal of many unions to permit workers of declining abilities to be downgraded in pay or position. Sixty per cent of the international unions reporting to Senator Desmond in one survey said they permitted older workers to take lowerrated jobs at lower wage rates, 30 per cent that they refused to allow such downgrading,and 10 per cent that they left the matter up to the locals. All of the internationals reporting, with the lone exception of the International Typographical Union, refused to permit older workers to remain at their same jobs at lower wage rates if unable to do a full day's work. Managementreported that even when union rules permitted downgrading, in the actual give and take of collective bargaining, the labor leaders strenuously opposed such moves. Unions with closed shops or hiringhall arrangements reported they were able to combat management barriers against hiring older workers quite effectively by controlling the employment referrals. However, where unions utilize work permits and older men seek to switch from one skill to another or from one industry to another, the man of mature years is likely to run into severe obstacles. Some unions have been loath to open up entry jobs for older persons which would enable them to get a foothold in plants. Older workers coming to a plant for work are sometimes confronted with the regulation that they must start as apprentices to obtain employment, but they are too old to start as apprentices! Thirty per cent of internationals reporting to Senator Desmond stated that they placed some bar in the way of part-time work for retired union members. The exploitation of homeworkers in the early decades of the twentieth century and fear of the tearing down of wage structures have led to a refusal to reopen the question to permit homebound elderly people to earn a living and to enable many on old-age assistance roles to gain an income. One of the barriers imposed by unions in the past has been an understandable subordination of interest in the older job seeker to the larger issues of higher wages, union security, and better working conditions. Even today, some union leaders are prone to dismiss the problem of the aged job seeker as an insignificant but inseparable aspect of the issue of full employment. However, many unions are beginning to recognize that their constituency is aging, and that the problems of older job seekers, while akin to those of all job seekers, are often unique, and demand careful consideration and prompt action. PROGRESS BEING MADE The barriers that block the employment of older persons are formidable but not insuperable. They are being slowly penetrated. The National Association of Manufacturers, the National Industrial Conference Board, the American Management Association, and the United States Chamber of Commerce, have conducted surveys or educational programs. Both the American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organizations,as well as some independent internationals, have assigned personnel to explore this area and to help promote the hiring of older workers. Foundations are beginning to allocate funds for basic and applied research. At many universities, including Columbia, Cornell, and the universities of California, Minnesota, Wisconsin, This content downloaded from 141.222.2.81 on Sun, 01 Nov 2015 13:53:53 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions �BARRIERS TO THE EMPLOYMENT OF OLDER WORKERS and Chicago, research in this area has started. Governmental agencies are undertaking research, education, and service functions. The Federal Security Agency's Committee on Aging and Geriatrics, the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, and the Women's Bureau are stimulating or engaging in research and education. The United States Bureau of Employment Security has undertaken fundamental research and has issued a manual on counseling older job seekers. Research on capabilities of older workers has been underway for some time at the Gerontological Division of the National Institutes of Health. Significant studies of skill and age are being made from grants made to Cambridge University by the Nuffield Foundation. Private groups such as the National Committee on Aging have set up special task forces to promote the interests of older workers. The National Planning Association, the Twentieth Century Fund, and other such groups are making contributions to understanding the gray-haired man who comes to the factory gate in search of a job. Newspapers, magazines, radio, and television are beginning to do an effective interpretative job of employer and employee problems in this field. On the state level, the New York State Joint Legislative Committee on Problems of the Aging has pioneered in development of programs in this field. Massachusetts by virtue of a 71 1950 law has become a testing ground for the efficacy of the approach of the Fair Employment Practice Committee to banning discrimination against older job seekers. Many other states are turning their attention to this field. In Schenectady, Syracuse, Cleveland, Indianapolis, Portland (Oregon), Chicago, and Los Angeles, local community groups are seeking to improve the opportunities of older job seekers to obtain equal consideration in employment. Forty-plus clubs are active in obtaining work for older executives. The goal of all these efforts is to assure an opportunity to obtain work for all older men who want work and can be fitted for work. The mental blocks of attitudes and myths can be smashed. Research and education will overcome the barriers of myth and ignorance that strengthen stereotypes about older workers and block sound personnel procedures. The barriers that stem from lack of technical tools, such as suitable testing apparatus and training facilities, will be overcome as money, time, and personnel become allocated to the task. New experiences in utilizing an aging work force will speed up acceptability of older persons by industry. And since the product-older men and womenis constantly being improved by better education, better medicine, and better living conditions, there is every reason to believe that in the not too distant future when a 40-plus or 60-plus job seeker applies for work his birthdays will not be counted against him. Albert J. Abrams, Newburgh, New York, is director of the New York State Joint Legislative Committee on Problems of the Aging, acting chairman of the employment section, National Committee on Aging, and research associate to State Senator Thomas C. Desmond. He has been chairman of the employment section, President's National Conference on Aging, director of the New York State Joint Legislative Committee on Nutrition, director of the New York State Trichinosis Commission, staff director of the New York Senate Committee on Affairs of Cities, and assistant to the Mayor of West New York, New Jersey. He is editor of No Time to Grow Old (1951), Young at Any Age (1950), Never Too Old (1949), and Birthdays Don't Count (1948). He has written articles on government for lay and professional journals. This content downloaded from 141.222.2.81 on Sun, 01 Nov 2015 13:53:53 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Adult and Senior Center of Saratoga Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document Albert J. Abrams, "Barriers to the Employment of Older Workers" The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 279, Social Contribution by the Aging (Jan., 1952), pp. 62-71. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data journal article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Barriers to Older Employment Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1952 Language A language of the resource eng Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Abrams, Albert J. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Sage Publications https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/ee6c0d14a237c178579e5dac7fdfd5c1.png 47dafb4b4cf97f2df442e06348f8ff1d https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/2606ee34b291c327856f9f01b6215615.pdf d25be19de1b7d669a11bfa751f9ee230 PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mapping Saratoga Springs Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1700- Map Cartographic document Creator - Organization Company, government agency, or other organization responsible for creating the item (the publisher should not be listed again here unless the same organization had a role other than that of publisher in sponsoring or creating the map). City of Saratoga Springs Planning Board Date Depicted (Numeric) Date that the information on the item depicts. In many cases, this will be the same date as that in the date field, but there will be exceptions. For example, a historical map drawnin 1890 might show Saratoga Springs as it was in 1820. Or, the information on the map itself might include detailed information that enables us to extrapolate a date, for example, "based on a survey done in 1841." Many State Archives map catalog records refer to this as the "situation date." 1976 Date Published (Numeric) Date the item was printed. This will be set as a date field, accommodating only numbers. The field will be able to handle single dates or date ranges. This will not display, but will be indexed and searchable. 1976 Creator - Individual Name of the person or people responsible for creating the item. Original: Coulter & McCormack Date Depicted (Display) Text version of the date field -- can handle non-numeric characters (ca. 1850s, [1844]). This is the content date field that will display. Original: April 1968 Revised: Sept. 1969, Nov. 1972, June 1973, and Jan. 1976 Caption This field will include transcriptions of text that appears on or around the item, at the discretion of the cataloger. It should include relevant bibliographic information that is not given in the title, for example, "Top of map: 'EXAMPLE NEEDED' Publisher and printer information might also be included in this field: "EXAMPLE NEEDED.'" Note that the location of the printed text is given in the field itself and that the caption information is always included in quotes. "Bottom right of map: 'The preparation of this map for the New York State Office of Planning Coordination was financially aided through a federal grant from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development and in part by the State of New York under the Urban Planning Assistance Program authorized by Section 701 of the Housing Act of 1954, as amended.'" "Bottom right of map: 'Source: June 1967 city map prepared by Coulter & McCormack for the City of Saratoga Springs. April, September , 1968 updated by planning consultants.'" Abstract (& Historical Note) Natural language description of the map itself, providing a general summary of the map and noting significant features. This is the place to introduce keywords and proper names that might be of interest to researchers, but do not warrant a separate subject heading of their own. Inset maps should also be described here, with their full titles given. Whenever historical or explanatory information is available, it should be included here as well. This includes information about items or events that are larger than just the map itself; for example, information about cartographers, a description of the map's historical significance (for example, "This is the first printed map of Saratoga Springs"), notes on the laws leading to a map's creation, descriptions of changes in state or county lines, information about the organization that created the map, how often maps were updated, and information about the map's creation and publication. Many State Archives maps have historical information in the catalog record -- that should be captured in this field. This city plan map depicts the points of interest, systems of transportation including railroad and highway, and several natural landmarks in the immediate area of the City of Saratoga Springs. This map is one of several revised maps that derived from an initial city plan map that was eventually updated by the City of Saratoga Springs City Planning Board for the purpose of sending it to the NYS Office of Planning Coordination as part of urban development planning. Repository Name of the repository that holds the original item. Geography and Map Division, Library of Congress Scope Tiered geographical location (for example: United States, New York State, Saratoga County, Saratoga Springs, Congress Park). This field is here for two reasons: first, to present, at its narrowest level, the scope of the entire item (in other words, not every place name has to be listed here). Second, this field will allow for accurate and helpful narrowing and broadening of geographic searches. City Type For Maps: This subject field describes the purpose of the map. This is a controlled-vocabulary field using terms developed for this project. It is important to note that Map Theme and Map Type are not hierarchical, thus it is possible to have the two fields overlap or even duplicate each other. In determining the purpose of the map, the cataloger should consider the publisher, and, (if known) original use of the map. For example, a map that shows a wide variety of information might be a candidate for General in the map_type field, however, if it was prepared by the state geologist and contains, in addition to everything else, substantial information about the geology and topography of the state, it would be classified as a Geological map. Multiple terms can be used in this field. City Plan Theme For browsing purposes, we are borrowing and adapting themes from the Library of Congress's American Memory project. Property and Development Environment and Conservation Recreation Subject - Details This subject field describes the amount of detail in a map. For maps: (or layers) included on the map itself. This field might denote that the map includes information about, for example, Mountains, Railroads, Soundings, Elevation, or Population. These are controlled-vocabulary terms developed locally. The cataloger should be generous in assigning these terms -- even if only one canal is visible on the map, it should receive a "Canals" subject in this layer. Some of these terms are less specific than others and may warrant expansion in the Abstract field. For example, the "Businesses" term might be included here while the Abstract notes that the map shows mills and stores. Multiple terms can be used in this field. Cady Hill Industrial Park (Saratoga Springs, N.Y.) Compass rose Congress Park (Saratoga Springs, N.Y.) Delaware and Hudson Railroad Corporation (D &H, R.R.) Greenridge Cemetery (Saratoga Springs, N.Y.) Roads--Interstate 87 (N.Y.) N.Y.S. Forest Nursery (Saratoga Springs, N.Y.) (formerly Tree Nursery) Oklahoma Race Course (Saratoga Springs, N.Y.) Railroad Depot Roads--Route 50 (N.Y.) Saratoga Racecourse (Saratoga Springs, N.Y.) Saratoga Raceway (Saratoga Springs, N.Y.) Saratoga Performing Arts Center (SPAC) (Saratoga Springs, N.Y.) Training Track (Saratoga Springs, N.Y.) Transportation--highways Transportation--railroad Yaddo (Saratoga Springs, N.Y.) Subject - Geographic Library of Congress subject headings. For maps: for major geographic locations depicted on the map, followed, in nearly every case, by the "Maps" genre subheading. (For example, "Saratoga Springs (N.Y.) -- Maps.") This field will be especially important when the records from this collection are incorporated into larger databases and catalogs. Bear Swamp (Saratoga Springs, N.Y.) Fish Creek (N.Y.: Creek) Geyser Creek (N.Y.: Creek) Lake Lonely (N.Y. : Lake) Loughberry Lake (N.Y. : Lake) Kayaderosseras Creek (Saratoga County, N.Y.) Owl Pond (N.Y.) Putnam Brook (N.Y.) Saratoga Lake (N.Y. : Lake) Saratoga Springs (N.Y.)--Corporation Line Publisher Publisher of the item, or of the book or atlas in which it appears. Murphy & Kren Planning Associates, Inc. Scale The scale of the item (if known) 1 inch to 3200 feet Record Contributor Individual who prepared the item and/or edited it. Deirdre Schiff Date Published (Display) Text version of the date field -- can handle non-numeric characters (ca. 1850s, [1844]). This is the date field that will display. 1976 Record Creation Date Day/Month/Year of record creation/edit 6/16/2014 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Base Map, City of Saratoga Springs, Planning Board 20th century city planning highways race tracl rivers https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/a050dd6fd87b98ad4e13682703be54b3.jpg b0046eab2b5c04a10808b8e60985366d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saratoga County Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Record Contributor Individual who prepared the item and/or edited it. Mattie Saulnier Record Creation Date Day/Month/Year of record creation/edit 5/5/21 Repository Name of the repository that holds the original item. Brookside Museum, Saratoga County Historical Society (Ballston Spa, N.Y.) URL https://brookside.pastperfectonline.com/photo/4E07954D-1525-4A34-AD94-015139317551 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Batchellerville Bridge Description An account of the resource Batchellerville Bridge across Sacandaga Resevoir from Conklingville Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jesse Sumner Wooley Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Mattie Saulnier Provenance A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource. Brookside Museum bridge dam sacandaga lake transportation https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/95d825e67b71c527a91c10de6058bbb0.jpeg 8ed15e959e16fb6d10c1979b429a373d Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Digital Photo Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 3264 × 2448 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ben's Board Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource April, 21st, 2016 Description An account of the resource A man and his skateboard Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Beckett, Chris Type The nature or genre of the resource Digital Photograph Abstract A summary of the resource. Ben is an avid transit skateboarder with a few tricks up his sleeve. While most of the time he uses the board to bring him to class, band practice, or social gatherings, he can definitely teach you a thing or two about how to ride. This board has lasted him all three years of his college career and the dings and chips certainly speak to that. However, until the wheels fall off or the board splits in half, Ben will keep riding. art goods Leisure objects POD Spring 2016 skateboarding sports transport https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/ec88d135ade2b930e1c292066aee076f.jpg 90ffae5537b23de0daeea064b86f11ab Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Harry T. Burleigh 150th Commemoration Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data postcard Record Contributor Individual who prepared the item and/or edited it. J. Dym Record Creation Date Day/Month/Year of record creation/edit 26/04/2017 Date Depicted (Display) Text version of the date field -- can handle non-numeric characters (ca. 1850s, [1844]). This is the content date field that will display. 1930-1945 Theme For browsing purposes, we are borrowing and adapting themes from the Library of Congress's American Memory project. Religion and Spirituality Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bethesda Episcopal Church Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1930-1945, ca. Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. <a title="BPL Digital Commons" href="https://www.digitalcommonwealth.org/search/commonwealth:6w924h25v">Boston Public Library Tichnor Postcard Collection</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Tichnor Brothers Description An account of the resource Title: Bethesda Episcopal Church, Saratoga Springs, N. Y. 1 print (postcard) : linen texture, color ; 3 1/2 x 5 1/2 in. Permalink: http://ark.digitalcommonwealth.org/ark:/50959/6w924h25v Terms of Use: No known copyright restrictions. No known restrictions on use. Language A language of the resource eng Bethesda Episcopal Church Christianity postcard religion Saratoga Springs https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/d266167fa3c82e31c6369bf50f2edd45.jpg 903963977d6f8d9bf18bb562d13247bc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Harry T. Burleigh 150th Commemoration Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bethesda Episcopal Church Choir Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource ca, 1890 Description An account of the resource A photograph of choristers in choir robes from the Bethesda Episcopal Church Archives, Saratoga Springs, NY https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/aeec88ea7737f374e032e97a67df396c.JPG 8e0bf68df8f1053393cf949811f26786 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saratoga Springs History Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1706- Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Record Contributor Individual who prepared the item and/or edited it. Jillian Seigel Record Creation Date Day/Month/Year of record creation/edit 43270 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Better Housing Demanded of Council Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 7/17/68 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource McKechnie, Nancy Provenance A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource. Saratoga Springs Subject The topic of the resource Urban Renewal Description An account of the resource The Saratoga Springs City Council last night was confronted for the first time by a group demanding that the council live up to its responsibility to Negros and poor people by providing better housing. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource text SaratogaSprings UrbanRenewal https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/97f7e249889639888b16917d7b29f9b6.jpg 0e4a208cddb70de434910723c25aa49b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mapping Saratoga Springs Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1700- Map Cartographic document Creator - Organization Company, government agency, or other organization responsible for creating the item (the publisher should not be listed again here unless the same organization had a role other than that of publisher in sponsoring or creating the map). Skidmore College Date Depicted (Display) Text version of the date field -- can handle non-numeric characters (ca. 1850s, [1844]). This is the content date field that will display. ca 1944 Date Depicted (Numeric) Date that the information on the item depicts. In many cases, this will be the same date as that in the date field, but there will be exceptions. For example, a historical map drawnin 1890 might show Saratoga Springs as it was in 1820. Or, the information on the map itself might include detailed information that enables us to extrapolate a date, for example, "based on a survey done in 1841." Many State Archives map catalog records refer to this as the "situation date." 1944 Date Published (Display) Text version of the date field -- can handle non-numeric characters (ca. 1850s, [1844]). This is the date field that will display. ca 1944 Date Published (Numeric) Date the item was printed. This will be set as a date field, accommodating only numbers. The field will be able to handle single dates or date ranges. This will not display, but will be indexed and searchable. 1944 Abstract (& Historical Note) Natural language description of the map itself, providing a general summary of the map and noting significant features. This is the place to introduce keywords and proper names that might be of interest to researchers, but do not warrant a separate subject heading of their own. Inset maps should also be described here, with their full titles given. Whenever historical or explanatory information is available, it should be included here as well. This includes information about items or events that are larger than just the map itself; for example, information about cartographers, a description of the map's historical significance (for example, "This is the first printed map of Saratoga Springs"), notes on the laws leading to a map's creation, descriptions of changes in state or county lines, information about the organization that created the map, how often maps were updated, and information about the map's creation and publication. Many State Archives maps have historical information in the catalog record -- that should be captured in this field. In 1944, two Skidmore professors reimagined traveling around the city to visit attractions and highlighted other physical activities the city had to offer. The "Bicycle Map of Saratoga Springs-Skidmore College" was created by faculty members L[ouise G.]. Burbeck and B. [F. Elizabeth] Wiles for students, city residents and visitors alike. Streets are drawn in greater detail closer to Broadway and less detail farther away from the center of town. Emphasis is on the roads, but the railway and waterworks (today's road to Wilton) are still on the map. This map is not just about bicycling. It encourages all sorts of outdoor movement. All over the map sketch figures of humans (mostly women, like Skidmore's student body) and animals engage in an activity connected to an area in or around town. These include: skiing, ice skating, golfing, walking, biking, swimming, gardening, fishing, hiking and tennis. With all these healthy options presented, is it surprising to learn that the mapmakers were the College's physical education (Burbeck) and drama (Wiles) teachers? (It's perhaps good news that they weren't in the English department, as the indications for "Yaddow" and the "Cemetary" attest). The map also offers directions, with a compass, to other towns and cities near Saratoga Springs such as Albany, Schenectady, Cornith, Glens Falls, and Schuylerville. Did the guidance help bicyclists imagine longer trips or help orient the map reader? The bicycle map tells the story of not just the needs of a small city being addressed but also the entire nation. In 1941 America entered WWII, and while most of the war was fought overseas, rations affected what American citizens could and could not use, including gasoline, metal, rubber, and glass--all key elements in forms of transportation. (E. Scaglia, '15) Scope Tiered geographical location (for example: United States, New York State, Saratoga County, Saratoga Springs, Congress Park). This field is here for two reasons: first, to present, at its narrowest level, the scope of the entire item (in other words, not every place name has to be listed here). Second, this field will allow for accurate and helpful narrowing and broadening of geographic searches. City Type For Maps: This subject field describes the purpose of the map. This is a controlled-vocabulary field using terms developed for this project. It is important to note that Map Theme and Map Type are not hierarchical, thus it is possible to have the two fields overlap or even duplicate each other. In determining the purpose of the map, the cataloger should consider the publisher, and, (if known) original use of the map. For example, a map that shows a wide variety of information might be a candidate for General in the map_type field, however, if it was prepared by the state geologist and contains, in addition to everything else, substantial information about the geology and topography of the state, it would be classified as a Geological map. Multiple terms can be used in this field. Road maps Pictorial maps Theme For browsing purposes, we are borrowing and adapting themes from the Library of Congress's American Memory project. Transportation Recreation Subject - Geographic Library of Congress subject headings. For maps: for major geographic locations depicted on the map, followed, in nearly every case, by the "Maps" genre subheading. (For example, "Saratoga Springs (N.Y.) -- Maps.") This field will be especially important when the records from this collection are incorporated into larger databases and catalogs. Saratoga Springs (N.Y.)--Maps Record Contributor Individual who prepared the item and/or edited it. Jordana Dym Allie Smith URL Original record at <a title="Saratoga Springs Bicycle Map" href="http://cdm15968.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15968coll2/id/39">http://cdm15968.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p15968coll2/id/39</a> Repository Name of the repository that holds the original item. Special Collections and Archives, Lucy Scribner Library, Skidmore College (Saratoga Springs, N.Y.) Related Maps There will be many cases where multiple maps are in effect only slight variations on a single original. If we are certain, or even pretty sure, that one map is just a slightly altered version of another,the related versions should be listed here. Has a similar feel to the 1940 Saratoga Springs Lions Club Map. Subject - Details This subject field describes the amount of detail in a map. For maps: (or layers) included on the map itself. This field might denote that the map includes information about, for example, Mountains, Railroads, Soundings, Elevation, or Population. These are controlled-vocabulary terms developed locally. The cataloger should be generous in assigning these terms -- even if only one canal is visible on the map, it should receive a "Canals" subject in this layer. Some of these terms are less specific than others and may warrant expansion in the Abstract field. For example, the "Businesses" term might be included here while the Abstract notes that the map shows mills and stores. Multiple terms can be used in this field. Saratoga Springs (N.Y.)--Broadway Saratoga Racecourse (Saratoga Springs, N.Y.) Saratoga Spa State Park (N.Y.) Iconography--sports Inconography--horse Iconography--mineral springs Iconography--race track Oklahoma Track (Saratoga Springs, N.Y.) Greenridge Cemetery (Saratoga Springs, N.Y.) Yaddo (Saratoga Springs, N.Y.) Lake Lonely (Saratoga Springs, N.Y.) Compass rose Scale The scale of the item (if known) Scale unknown Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 31 x 42 cm Subject - Organization Names of individuals associated with the item. Please put "Tje" at the end: University of Chicago Press, The Skidmore College (Saratoga Springs, N.Y.) Record Creation Date Day/Month/Year of record creation/edit 6/11/2014 3/26/2015 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bicycle Map of Saratoga Springs Language A language of the resource English Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1944 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Burbeck, Louise G. Wiles, F. Elizabeth https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/85bebbc67976ed22f41e9b4dfd9d4d66.JPG d7846a8127b6d239ae1e93794ca1577c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saratoga Springs History Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1706- Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Record Contributor Individual who prepared the item and/or edited it. Jillian Seigel Record Creation Date Day/Month/Year of record creation/edit 43270 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Big Families Hunt Decent Housing in Vain Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 10/27/68 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Susman, Ed Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Saratogian Provenance A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource. Saratoga Springs Subject The topic of the resource Urban Renewal Description An account of the resource Too many people are living in cramped conditions; post urban renewal, low-rent housing will be useful to meet relocation needs for low-income families. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource text SaratogaSprings UrbanRenewal https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/631ee31aa2fbccb4e6932e47c2a6d361.jpg c5faee8ebb214cb224650df29fe0eb88 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Harry T. Burleigh 150th Commemoration Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Abstract (& Historical Note) Natural language description of the map itself, providing a general summary of the map and noting significant features. This is the place to introduce keywords and proper names that might be of interest to researchers, but do not warrant a separate subject heading of their own. Inset maps should also be described here, with their full titles given. Whenever historical or explanatory information is available, it should be included here as well. This includes information about items or events that are larger than just the map itself; for example, information about cartographers, a description of the map's historical significance (for example, "This is the first printed map of Saratoga Springs"), notes on the laws leading to a map's creation, descriptions of changes in state or county lines, information about the organization that created the map, how often maps were updated, and information about the map's creation and publication. Many State Archives maps have historical information in the catalog record -- that should be captured in this field. A photograph of Sissieretta Jone, known by her stage name Black Patti, a clasically trained soprano who performed with her troupe, the troubadors, in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Original in the J. Willis Sayre Photographs collection, University of Washington Libraries, via digital public library of america (DPLA.org) URL http://cdm16786.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/sayre/id/7742 Record Contributor Individual who prepared the item and/or edited it. J. Dym Record Creation Date Day/Month/Year of record creation/edit 27/11/2016 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Marceau Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1909 Title A name given to the resource Black Patti, Stage singer Type The nature or genre of the resource photograph https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/ed01966398a5fef77aa4a95fcd42cbb1.jpg 9d18520d0ac9f7eac6796e742301f7b2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saratoga County Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data postcard Record Contributor Individual who prepared the item and/or edited it. Zack Kouli Record Creation Date Day/Month/Year of record creation/edit 8 May 2021 Repository Name of the repository that holds the original item. Brookside Museum, Saratoga County Historical Society (Ballston Spa, N.Y.) URL Brookside Museum, <a href="https://brookside.pastperfectonline.com/photo/D25BBB53-9D0F-4607-80BE-974085801494">https://brookside.pastperfectonline.com/photo/D25BBB53-9D0F-4607-80BE-974085801494</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Boat Landing, Forest Park, Ballston Lake, NY Description An account of the resource Boat Landing, Forest Park, Ballston Lake, NY Rustic dock, men and women walking about, canoeists Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jesse Sumner Wooley Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource ca. 1900 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jesse Sumner Wooley https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/e9a8fa06ae26ece93d310f0657234d27.jpg d8cac9f7d162e746106ee18ee6a30a56 https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/195138674c99d5c5308b9a2a031f9431.jpg 3c73d1e57162bee3a0f604cc7f2f6a95 https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/ba7edc112cf929dc4eab175f538bf47b.jpg b010a04881ad47378cb137b8bff6fd26 https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/b4791cdb87a02ff6951431e42fc53cb8.jpg 9803338fb91bdb9d20134505c0d78423 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bolster Collection - City Hall and City Council https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/ca610d1262c67ae3eb393d31fea8472e.jpg 11819e02087c0be030c9a8707ac29173 https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/5392d798c0a145cd7d246b89330209fa.jpg 71ef2e14a707261e1b5c4c0e689b66ff https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/8cf52b7dbf8987c3cb275c07275b5e40.jpg 9042ddcfa19d8e9038a3621f0cf378d9 https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/7a8ee214fb8eb7141ce3436c33197a08.jpg b3de2a05e06c173c351ca358c351d74b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bolster Collection- City Hall and City Council.GIF https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/29187f19dd81dce113bde206f631aa0d.jpg 0f955b6d35e1c73357a1ded214af8f75 https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/89a5099365a3baf90cfa1f394bf0e3c7.jpg 911be9f919bdcddc45e9508d3e2fa070 https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/b24b7f4703630e8b54a71c8823c3c926.jpg 4ecfa7d638753f50c47d383909e9cdbe https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/d0b635c6475f9b8e7c83d807f0f1cc11.jpg 583ef64018b48dc29a6e6b9b87edf8c3 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bolster Collection-School Photos.GIF https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/57b8f604349e5ecf2a91b0d39531f43f.jpg c8e71587d255b688ebff17462b69a60b https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/2066df364e7b89d908870fa68194d779.jpg be0d9c470c97da9d26e7b026924841a6 https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/61f71f4ba880db5b32f361b477182d94.jpg c03f4bacd7c4bb635a639c2301eba1d5 https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/e80b7d46073ec3699d3fa77464d24d8e.jpg 4766a80f42a69dc74c92b4127938a98f https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/aecd687f2cff5a3c6d7841346c5be82b.jpg 0ffe729cce2af9579fb4e621dc86d651 https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/a1683aab24edc424a4036e66a1b17c4f.jpg 6beb29a30b5d82c039fe3e4acfc2a129 https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/d481087cf2e30a27be6db90d41d50e4f.jpg 52e10a4a6cdfdf2c91c05e4d3bab8f2c https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/8c2456ce3c7046b95a7ceaf67f9f2d9e.jpg 52ea9249d6584a10eb900986ea7b15b9 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bolster Collection-Transportation.GIF https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/eea7b0f957fa3c8f6c1d3656db3d3b69.jpg 2c9ed8c2728876c95a5448ff1926aef6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Adult and Senior Center of Saratoga Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Record Creation Date Day/Month/Year of record creation/edit 5/12/17 Record Contributor Individual who prepared the item and/or edited it. Phoebe Radcliffe Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1977-60YearsYoung-BreakingGround Title A name given to the resource Breaking Ground Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 09/09/1977 1977 Description An account of the resource A newspaper clipping showing the beginning of construction for the center at 5 Williams St. Provenance A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource. Adult and Senior Center of Saratoga Language A language of the resource English Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Newspaper 5 Williams construction Saratoga Springs Senior Center https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/d19ea4ada315ac1e8135312a5ccc506e.JPG 08634f58bc554c84fdcbc22854e2e172 https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/48f0be120e6c5f1d6c1dbeaeb125286d.JPG fc42f3f2f57a8fff79bfc238dd517269 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saratoga County Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data postcard Record Contributor Individual who prepared the item and/or edited it. J. Dym Record Creation Date Day/Month/Year of record creation/edit 29/4/2021 Place of Publication The city (and if necessary) state or country of publication. Mechanicville, N.Y. Repository Name of the repository that holds the original item. Brookside Museum, Saratoga County Historical Society (Ballston Spa, N.Y.) Theme For browsing purposes, we are borrowing and adapting themes from the Library of Congress's American Memory project. Recreation URL Brookside Museum, <a href="https://brookside.pastperfectonline.com/archive/21A4E0AD-2018-4037-975E-594771452160">https://brookside.pastperfectonline.com/archive/21A4E0AD-2018-4037-975E-594771452160</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Brown's Bathing Beach, Saratoga Lake, N.Y. 262 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource [1932] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available C.W. Hughes & Co., Inc. Description An account of the resource A postcard showing Brown's Bathing Beach, with automobile, swingset, and dock. Text on back of postcard reads: 11/9/32 Dear George, Ain't this a glorious country. We all voted against Roosevelt but are now glad election is over & t hat the Dem. have the full swing in Congress etc. instead of each party doing all they could to obstruct working of the other party. When it was half + half. Business is great here + it has picked up a lot in manufacturing in the last two months. All over the USA. Hope to see you soon. [Unsigned] On front: swimming is only 6 months away Language A language of the resource eng Subject The topic of the resource Saratoga Lake (N.Y. : Lake) Postcards Roosevelt, Franklin D. -- Presidency Type The nature or genre of the resource postcard Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 1932 https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/ad80273b52a5c747b6afefe310d36964.png 0cc8db1899b15ab25b8a36fcfa8951a9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Harry T. Burleigh 150th Commemoration Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Burleigh as musical director of St. George’s Minstrel Show, 1906 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1907 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Program for the 1907 St. George's Minstrel Show Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Appears in Jean Snyder, <em>Harry T. Burleigh: from the Spiritual to the Harlem Renaissance</em>, University of Illinois Press, 2016.&nbsp; Original in the author's collection. https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/bb42fa9ea2d0dc002d01c6fed8292118.jpeg 36891ccecbb1b53a58e84c3a927f66eb Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mapping Saratoga Springs Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1700- Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data photo Record Contributor Individual who prepared the item and/or edited it. Jordana Dym Record Creation Date Day/Month/Year of record creation/edit 2/8/2015 Date Depicted (Display) Text version of the date field -- can handle non-numeric characters (ca. 1850s, [1844]). This is the content date field that will display. ca 1950 Abstract (& Historical Note) Natural language description of the map itself, providing a general summary of the map and noting significant features. This is the place to introduce keywords and proper names that might be of interest to researchers, but do not warrant a separate subject heading of their own. Inset maps should also be described here, with their full titles given. Whenever historical or explanatory information is available, it should be included here as well. This includes information about items or events that are larger than just the map itself; for example, information about cartographers, a description of the map's historical significance (for example, "This is the first printed map of Saratoga Springs"), notes on the laws leading to a map's creation, descriptions of changes in state or county lines, information about the organization that created the map, how often maps were updated, and information about the map's creation and publication. Many State Archives maps have historical information in the catalog record -- that should be captured in this field. A copy of the 1888 Burleigh map of Saratoga Springs hangs over the card catalog at the Saratoga Springs Public Library above a patron. The photo is in an album, "Saratoga Springs Photo Club, 1955" in the Saratoga Room, Saratoga Springs Public Library. Repository Name of the repository that holds the original item. Saratoga Room, Saratoga Springs Public Library Subject - Organization Names of individuals associated with the item. Please put "Tje" at the end: University of Chicago Press, The Saratoga Springs Photo Club Theme For browsing purposes, we are borrowing and adapting themes from the Library of Congress's American Memory project. Civic Life Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Burleigh Map over Card Catalog, L. Deijnoska Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Dejnozka, Ladislaw (Round Lake, N.Y.) https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/333c5befa228f78f8c35efa9dd2d4653.png 73806a0e7a833a4cf8415f68ee5538a6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Harry T. Burleigh 150th Commemoration Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Clara-Sophia Daly Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Slim Shady URL Courtesy Historical American Sheet Music, David M. Rubenstein Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Duke University, <a title="Burleigh's Deep River, 1907 arrangement" href="http://library.duke.edu/rubenstein/scriptorium/sheetmusic/n/n06/n0694/n069">RBR Music 694 </a> Record Contributor Individual who prepared the item and/or edited it. J. Dym Record Creation Date Day/Month/Year of record creation/edit 29/11/2016 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Burleigh’s Arrangement of Deep River (first page). Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1907 Language A language of the resource eng Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Burleigh, Harry Thacker Type The nature or genre of the resource sheet music https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/59eed7cb9dad4603acc75fa3fa36276f.jpg e7fea281a6e510fac7660b6590d0e749 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saratoga Springs History Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1706- Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Repository Name of the repository that holds the original item. Saratoga Room, Saratoga Springs Public Library Record Contributor Individual who prepared the item and/or edited it. Jillian Seigel Record Creation Date Day/Month/Year of record creation/edit 43270 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bus route changes to take place in spring Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1/27/16 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Williams, Brady Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The The Daily Gazette Provenance A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource. Saratoga Springs Subject The topic of the resource Transportation Description An account of the resource The changes, the first major route restructuring in the Saratoga area since 2007, will increase service around areas of the city and out to the commercial corridor at Northway Exit 15, and bringing bus service for the first time to the neighborhoods west of West avenue. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource text EnvironmentalJustice SaratogaSprings transportation https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/088aebb53359da1497993aad06fff1b8.jpg 2dcb0c0aac85108dbd1aacb3d863908d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saratoga Springs History Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1706- Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Repository Name of the repository that holds the original item. Saratoga Room, Saratoga Springs Public Library Record Contributor Individual who prepared the item and/or edited it. Jillian Seigel Record Creation Date Day/Month/Year of record creation/edit 43270 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bus route from NYC to Spa City cancelled Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 8/12/10 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Donohue, Emily Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Saratogian Provenance A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource. Saratoga Springs Subject The topic of the resource Transportation Description An account of the resource The bus route planned to travel between Saratoga Springs and New York City has been cancelled, according to an announcement on the company's website. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource text EnvironmentalJustice SaratogaSprings transportation https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/0cbc01fa1fef6abb0c3178b9200a7212.png 740dfc89572f85af180f34610ca6792c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource March, 2018 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Goldfarb, Lauren Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Digital photograph Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Cabo San Lucas Title A name given to the resource Sweeping Stratus https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/65c14bfc03586c9928b1addf4e273abc.png 0d2ba6320b0acc1087ab38050183196b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource March, 2018 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Goldfarb, Lauren Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Digital photograph Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Cabo San Lucas Title A name given to the resource Cirrus Sky Over Desolate Desert https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/50f9e948937f5bf15dbe7d5117b40a0a.png 5812401854d1765e2d20f9d173d1abc0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource March, 2018 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Cabo San Lucas Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Goldfarb, Lauren Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Digital photograph Title A name given to the resource Cohabiting Cactae https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/9ceed80ec93b6c1f45e21d0547d2ff84.png 74d35e2547ea81dd2bf74cff6c8536a5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource March, 2018 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Goldfarb, Lauren Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Digital photograph Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Cabo San Lucas Title A name given to the resource Forsaken Footprint https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/5ea17757313afd9869e1d8bfa473cdbd.png 647887133eceb4a5fc5546fa144458f4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource March, 2018 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Goldfarb, Lauren Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Digital photograph Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Cabo San Lucas Title A name given to the resource Fresh Flora https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/de5801396c9983c6bcb4a34515f371c6.png 7a648b67f4ecdd0274fdbf1402a3fde6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource March, 2018 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Cabo San Lucas Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Goldfarb, Lauren Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Digital photograph Title A name given to the resource Heaping Harvest Bustling Business Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Digital photograph Record Contributor Individual who prepared the item and/or edited it. Adele Fantasia Record Creation Date Day/Month/Year of record creation/edit April 19, 2018 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource March, 2018 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Goldfarb, Lauren Title A name given to the resource Cabo San Lucas Description An account of the resource Photographer Lauren Goldfarb delves into the authenticity of Cabo San Lucas, Mexico through a nature series that focuses on the raw beauty of a place devoid of its human inhabitants. This piece contrasts the typical representation of Cabo San Lucas as a spring break party destination, and instead offers an astoundingly refreshing look at the variety of its natural elements within which traces of humanity can be discerned. The vibrant versatility of the landscape allows viewers to challenge and redefine previous conceptions of Cabo San Lucas. Cabo San Lucas Lauren Goldfarb MDOCS Mexico Principles of Documentary Spring 2018 Spring Break This Place https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/a52ac7ce44dfd45e2f8df3ac73cd9ec0.JPG fc4b90ffab2b9e7201333ef921045577 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Camping Along Raquette River Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource April 26th, 2016 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Moossmann, Jillian Subject The topic of the resource A weekend camping along Raquette River Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Moossmann, Jillian Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Photograph Abstract A summary of the resource. The given photo tells the story of a single tent resting on the bank of Raquette River, the third longest river entirely in the state of New York— running at about 146 miles long. The personal significance of this photo goes no further in terms of its history but rather begins to tell a story through the depiction of trees and a single tent. I often see trees as being, like humans, incredibly flexible while being extremely fragile. They are strong yet graceful, they can bend but break under certain circumstances, yet stand tall and proud. The tent speaks to getting outside and appreciating what nature has to offer. As Edward Abbey so eloquently states, “wilderness is not a luxury but a necessity of the human spirit, and as a vital to our lives as water and good bread.” Often times we don’t realize what time in the wilderness can do for us and mean to us until we fully immerse ourselves in it. camping goods Leisure nature object POD Spring 2016 tent https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/dda7ba1bd5415405894bd5d2790af357.jpeg 9b9cc8001a3f79c97129445fc5dd327b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saratoga County Map Cartographic document Record Contributor Individual who prepared the item and/or edited it. Zack Kouli Record Creation Date Day/Month/Year of record creation/edit 9 May 2021 URL https://www.canals.ny.gov/navinfo/index.html Creator - Organization Company, government agency, or other organization responsible for creating the item (the publisher should not be listed again here unless the same organization had a role other than that of publisher in sponsoring or creating the map). New York State Canal Commission Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Canals Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Unknown Description An account of the resource Graphic showing the various canal systems in Saratoga https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/798686490295a512daafede70e7b39b3.png 074c81eda973817d4d70741fac3a7017 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mapping Saratoga Springs Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1700- Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Carroll's Real Estate and Loan Office Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1890 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Saratogian Description An account of the resource An advertisement for A.E. Caroll's Real Estate and Loan Office from p. 3, The Saratogian, February 4, 1890. An engraving of the business' storefront appears as part of the ad, and also on the Saratoga County map of 1890 in the Farmers' Directory. Language A language of the resource eng Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource paper Type The nature or genre of the resource advertisement Subject The topic of the resource Saratoga Springs (N.Y.)--Newspapers. Saratoga Springs (N.Y.)--Businesses. Saratoga Springs (N.Y.)--Advertisements. 19th century advertisement business Carroll development real estate https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/b06ccf032c257531ee3af939902fd160.jpg 36b77de72206b104888eda200322f334 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mapping Saratoga Springs Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1700- Map Cartographic document Creator - Individual Name of the person or people responsible for creating the item. Ambroise Tardieu Date Depicted (Display) Text version of the date field -- can handle non-numeric characters (ca. 1850s, [1844]). This is the content date field that will display. 1829 Date Published (Display) Text version of the date field -- can handle non-numeric characters (ca. 1850s, [1844]). This is the date field that will display. 1834 Repository Name of the repository that holds the original item. Geography and Map Division, Library of Congress Scope Tiered geographical location (for example: United States, New York State, Saratoga County, Saratoga Springs, Congress Park). This field is here for two reasons: first, to present, at its narrowest level, the scope of the entire item (in other words, not every place name has to be listed here). Second, this field will allow for accurate and helpful narrowing and broadening of geographic searches. Other Record Contributor Individual who prepared the item and/or edited it. Allie Smith Type For Maps: This subject field describes the purpose of the map. This is a controlled-vocabulary field using terms developed for this project. It is important to note that Map Theme and Map Type are not hierarchical, thus it is possible to have the two fields overlap or even duplicate each other. In determining the purpose of the map, the cataloger should consider the publisher, and, (if known) original use of the map. For example, a map that shows a wide variety of information might be a candidate for General in the map_type field, however, if it was prepared by the state geologist and contains, in addition to everything else, substantial information about the geology and topography of the state, it would be classified as a Geological map. Multiple terms can be used in this field. Topographic maps Theme For browsing purposes, we are borrowing and adapting themes from the Library of Congress's American Memory project. Travel and Tourism Record Creation Date Day/Month/Year of record creation/edit 11/24/2014 URL Map and text at archive.org, <a title="Tournée" href="https://archive.org/details/tournelamodeda02davi">https://archive.org/details/tournelamodeda02davi</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Carte, Pour servir a l'ourage intitule: Tournee a la mode, Dans les Etat-Unis, Language A language of the resource French Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Gideon Davison,<em> Tournée a la mode dans les États Unis,ou voyage de Charleston à Quebec, et d'Albany à Boston... avec une carte topographique pour l'intelligence des lieux mentionnés dans cet itinéraire...traduit de l'anglains...par M. Bourgeois</em> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Arthus Bertrand Description An account of the resource A travel account with map map https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/163302e75d704f695b54b0505a365068.png 6b2491f9be546e2ff0ecfb3a61745086 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saratoga County Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Photograph Record Creation Date Day/Month/Year of record creation/edit 5/7/2021 Date Depicted (Display) Text version of the date field -- can handle non-numeric characters (ca. 1850s, [1844]). This is the content date field that will display. 2020s Abstract (& Historical Note) Natural language description of the map itself, providing a general summary of the map and noting significant features. This is the place to introduce keywords and proper names that might be of interest to researchers, but do not warrant a separate subject heading of their own. Inset maps should also be described here, with their full titles given. Whenever historical or explanatory information is available, it should be included here as well. This includes information about items or events that are larger than just the map itself; for example, information about cartographers, a description of the map's historical significance (for example, "This is the first printed map of Saratoga Springs"), notes on the laws leading to a map's creation, descriptions of changes in state or county lines, information about the organization that created the map, how often maps were updated, and information about the map's creation and publication. Many State Archives maps have historical information in the catalog record -- that should be captured in this field. Bicycle Sharing - Saratoga - CDPHP - Five year plan- Mobility programs - Health - Wellness URL https://www.saratoga.com/things-to-do/bike-sharing-program/ Record Contributor Individual who prepared the item and/or edited it. Miles Herman Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CDPHP Cycle Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020s Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Saratoga Springs government Description An account of the resource This is a website for Saratoga's bike sharing program that lets people know where to find bikes to rent while touring the area. https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/ccbe00665c5e0f86a21305aa940cd508.jpg d4af624237049f6e7dd18e607045d2d3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saratoga Springs History Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1706- Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Repository Name of the repository that holds the original item. Saratoga Room, Saratoga Springs Public Library Record Contributor Individual who prepared the item and/or edited it. Jillian Seigel Record Creation Date Day/Month/Year of record creation/edit 43270 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CDTA plans meetings to discuss bus routes Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 5/2/15 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Williams, Stephen Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Daily Gazette Provenance A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource. Saratoga Springs Subject The topic of the resource Transportation Description An account of the resource A new route system would be designed based on ridership data and the changes in development patterns since the last restructuring, as well as on public input. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource text EnvironmentalJustice SaratogaSprings transportation https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/4f21a60917aca2b758534029f880c0a0.jpg b359e6a7b77177e0415f305593850962 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saratoga Springs History Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1706- Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Repository Name of the repository that holds the original item. Saratoga Room, Saratoga Springs Public Library Record Contributor Individual who prepared the item and/or edited it. Jillian Seigel Record Creation Date Day/Month/Year of record creation/edit 43270 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CDTA revamps Saratoga County routes Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource ND Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Yusko, Dennis Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Times Union Provenance A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource. Albany Subject The topic of the resource Transportation Description An account of the resource Plan increases buses to Wilton, maintains service to apartments. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource text EnvironmentalJustice SaratogaSprings transportation https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/393ea90fa1e883c6b7e004f29c580a91.jpg b530347483447f5d22a2813a7e9bda2b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saratoga Springs History Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1706- Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Repository Name of the repository that holds the original item. Saratoga Room, Saratoga Springs Public Library Record Contributor Individual who prepared the item and/or edited it. Jillian Seigel Record Creation Date Day/Month/Year of record creation/edit 43270 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CDTA unveils bike-share program in four cities Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 7/28/17 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Robarge, Mark Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Saratogian Subject The topic of the resource Transportation Description An account of the resource Local officials gathered in the rain Thursday morning in Washington Park to formally kick off CDPHP Cycle!, a new initiative that will allow people in Albany, Schenectady, Troy and Saratoga Springs to rent bicycles from any of 41 stations as what the authority is billing as 'healthy, affordable and fun mode of transportation. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource text EnvironmentalJustice SaratogaSprings transportation https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/fdaaa048eb195847bcd1cda675b9ce8c.jpg 98410b0d8bc7657e089f50e1068c8281 https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/684cbc13b00906e00e70ce7f2f8458c3.jpg 28daf186eb61c32d4b1b392d15e8966a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saratoga Springs History Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1706- Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Repository Name of the repository that holds the original item. Saratoga Room, Saratoga Springs Public Library Record Contributor Individual who prepared the item and/or edited it. Jillian Seigel Record Creation Date Day/Month/Year of record creation/edit 43270 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CDTA unveils new routes Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 5/27/16 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Paul, Post Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Saratogian Provenance A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource. Saratoga Springs Subject The topic of the resource Transportation Description An account of the resource New routes, increased frequency and reduced travel time are highlights of a revamped public transportation system officials unveiled Tuesday. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource text EnvironmentalJustice SaratogaSprings transportation https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/641f4a1ff190f633424c44ab7965a9d7.tiff a6e249ddc13eeb1dc654dacf6c3abd11 https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/9483b85e191a35d838cfdb0e9fabb2ff.tiff 532184a873dd4e99bec28a0190daf443 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Saratoga Springs History Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1706- Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Postcard Record Contributor Individual who prepared the item and/or edited it. Deirdre Schiff Date Depicted (Display) Text version of the date field -- can handle non-numeric characters (ca. 1850s, [1844]). This is the content date field that will display. [1937] Date Published (Display) Text version of the date field -- can handle non-numeric characters (ca. 1850s, [1844]). This is the date field that will display. [1937] Abstract (& Historical Note) Natural language description of the map itself, providing a general summary of the map and noting significant features. This is the place to introduce keywords and proper names that might be of interest to researchers, but do not warrant a separate subject heading of their own. Inset maps should also be described here, with their full titles given. Whenever historical or explanatory information is available, it should be included here as well. This includes information about items or events that are larger than just the map itself; for example, information about cartographers, a description of the map's historical significance (for example, "This is the first printed map of Saratoga Springs"), notes on the laws leading to a map's creation, descriptions of changes in state or county lines, information about the organization that created the map, how often maps were updated, and information about the map's creation and publication. Many State Archives maps have historical information in the catalog record -- that should be captured in this field. This postcard depicts the spouting Champion Spring in Geyser Park, part of the N.Y. State Reservation in Saratoga Springs. Photo is in black and white and five figures (two gentlemen, one woman, and two children) observe the spring. Brief message: "Hello, we are having great time, Mickey & Anna." Postmarked and addressed to Mr. & Mrs. Jerry, 18 Clearview St., Waterbury, Connecticut. Publisher Publisher of the item, or of the book or atlas in which it appears. Manhattan Card Pub. Co. Subject - Details This subject field describes the amount of detail in a map. For maps: (or layers) included on the map itself. This field might denote that the map includes information about, for example, Mountains, Railroads, Soundings, Elevation, or Population. These are controlled-vocabulary terms developed locally. The cataloger should be generous in assigning these terms -- even if only one canal is visible on the map, it should receive a "Canals" subject in this layer. Some of these terms are less specific than others and may warrant expansion in the Abstract field. For example, the "Businesses" term might be included here while the Abstract notes that the map shows mills and stores. Multiple terms can be used in this field. Geyser Park (Saratoga Springs, N.Y.) N.Y. State Reservation (Saratoga Springs, N.Y.) Subject - Geographic Library of Congress subject headings. For maps: for major geographic locations depicted on the map, followed, in nearly every case, by the "Maps" genre subheading. (For example, "Saratoga Springs (N.Y.) -- Maps.") This field will be especially important when the records from this collection are incorporated into larger databases and catalogs. Champion Spring (Saratoga Springs, N.Y.) Saratoga Springs (N.Y.) Theme For browsing purposes, we are borrowing and adapting themes from the Library of Congress's American Memory project. Recreation Record Creation Date Day/Month/Year of record creation/edit 6/19/2014 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Champion Spring, Geyser Park, State Reservation, Saratoga Springs, N.Y. geyser postcard reservation springs https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/8278aa9ac2286d7d463cbe8f60a87312.jpeg de8d69030943256d0871fd5c5c6c5223 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mapping Saratoga Springs Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1700- Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Charles F. Dowd Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1903 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Charles F. Dowd: <em>A Narrative of His Services in Originating and Promoting the System of Standard Time...</em> Charles N. Dowd, ed. (New York: The Knickerbocker Press, 1930) https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/baa112ccebf975a7fcf8b9fbc3aa394f.pdf 260ea771ea26bb40c1c8020183381253 PDF Text Text , \ SARATOGIAN, FRIDAY, APR. 24, 1*64 6ARATOOA 8PBINO6, N*W BERRTS'WOBID In Our Opinion m % Negro greats sang in city *J Clifton Park leads population boom (Third to a aeries on great music) There are few precedents in the Capital District irta for the rate of growth of the Town of Clifton Park in the last few years. In that period, the town has increased its population 35 per cent. If this rate were to continue for the rest of the decade, growth would approximate 88.7 per cent for the 1960-1970 period. One Saratoga County towns and two in Albany County grew at somewhat comparable rates from 1950 to 1960. Charlton more than doubled its residents in that time, as did Guilderland in Albany County. At the same time, Colonie swelled from 29,500 to 52,700. In terms of people, rather than percentages, Charlton's growth was about 1,800, while the two Albany towns went up 9,500 and 22,200, respectively. Clifton Park is likely to be someplace in between, with t projected increase, if the same rate continues, of some 3,500. There is no safe way of estimating how the rite will go. It is likely that it has actually accelerated in the last two of the four years measured in the special census and it may continue to accelerate for a while and then level off. But it is safe to estimate that the normal pattern will see this growth spill over into towns bordering Clifton Park, with the spillover coming more rapidly than before because of the Northway. Thus, Malta can expect an early population growth which could well, by the end of the decade, approach that of Clifton Park. Saratoga Springs, as a natural crossroads and business center, should experience greater growth than has been normal. Charlton and Ballston have already expanded considerably. Halfmoon grew a lot between 1950 and 1960 aid will continue to grow because of three factors: Northway spillover, proximity to Troy and spillover from Mechanicville, which has no place to grow as a community. Moreau, which became the second largest community in the county between 1950 and 1960 (over 8,400) may be more stable for a while, but as the Wilton School for the retarded is built, it and Wilton will have new impetus. These are not just statistics, they are people. Nor ire the projections overoptimistic. Realist as Fred Droms, supervisor of Clifton Park, is, he underestimated his own town's growth by 5 per cent and we could be underguessing, rather than overdoing it. So the figures are running ahead of the projections. The character of our county is changing. Governmental, social and educational problems, almost unprecedented in the county, appear to lie ahead. They mean that old ways of doing things aren't enough, that we must be ready to adjust to new needs, new people. We hope the warning is not lost on the community leaders of the county, both in and out of government. it looks fflce ff flice place to visit, bat / woafaart wxaef Roscoe Drummond Johnson takes complete Washintgon—The most significant fact in Washington today is that transitional government is at an end and that Lyndon B. Johnson is completly in charge. It has been accomplished more competently, more smoothly, more rapidly than anyone would have believed possible. The Johnson administration is now on its own—making its own decisions, creating its own initiatives, and cultivating its own image in its own way. • The one thing which to me stands out above all others is this: Johnson has not merely acceded to the Presidency; he has seized the Presidency with unequalled energy. Johnson is not merely presiding over his administration; he is operating the Presidency as if he had been in the White House at least five years. He is no longer looking back at the tragedy which robbed the nation of President Kennedy. Johnson is looking ahead. He is no longer appealing to Congress or to the country to accept his measures as a tribute to the memory of the late President. He is asking that everything be judged on its own. Seed of lawlessness • One of the most trenchant public utterances to be made in a long time has come from the man who next August will become president of the American Bar Association. He is Lewis F. Powell Jr. and every American might well listen carefully to what he said in a recent luncheon address. "One of the root causes of lawlessness in this country," he declared, "is excessive tolerance by the public in accepting substandard, marginal, immoral and unlawful conduct. "This tolerance has reached the point of moral sickness." Among the things he believes are excessively tolerated, Mr. Powell listed juvenile drinking, flagrant violation of traffic laws, flouting of obscenity and pornography laws, illegal gambling, cheating on claims against insurance companies, circumvention of divorce laws, condoning of violence, and disregard of laws in general. Those among us who are completely innocent of any of the tolerances mentioned by Mr. Powell can, of course, forget what he has said. The rest of us can thank him for saying it—and make sure we remember and heed it. I . i m Remember when? Apr. 24 1939 — The City Council at last night's meeting voted to give parking meters a six months trial. An eloquent plea for the Citizens of Saratoga Springs "to do something about a terrible situation where our city's population has practically stood still for 60 years at 13,000 in spite of all our natural advantages," was made by Samuel Goldberg of the Ro-Ed Mansion, at last night's open meeting of the Chamber Of Commerce. Apr. 24,1949 — The federal government has intervened in New York Power and Light Corporation plans to build a big power dam on Sacandaga River at Stewart's Bridge in Saratoga and Warren counties. "Pull study" will be given to the power company's proposal to contruct an earth dam, 1,400 feet long and 112 feet Paul R. Rouillard recently f Chronicle! of Saratoga TORJC received the gold medal for winning the 100 yard free style race in the inter-fraternity swim meet at Hanover. We will row No. 1 in the Dartmouth crew against Amherst next Saturday and also in the Dad Vail regatta of nine colleges at Poughkeepsie on May 21. April 24, 1959 ~ Thousands of members of the Daughters of the American Revolution from all parts of the country this week are seeing and admiring their national organization's tribute in Washington, DC. to its four founder*, incuding Ellen Hardin Walworth, who was a Saratogian. Included in the throng are Mrs. Walter Moore, regentelect of the Saratoga Chapter, and Mrs. R. C. Lamb, its chaplain. John A. Simone Jr., has opened an office for the practice of law at 384 Broadway. • THIS IS NO TIME EVEN to atempt to judge where Lyndon Johnson will rate as a President. But it is amply evident that he brings a special combination of qualities rarely present in one man at the same time. He is the most politically resourceful President since Franklin Roosevelt and the most zestful President since Theodore Roosevelt. He has just addressed both the American Society of Newspaper Editors in Washington and the Associated Press in New York. (Most Presidents address either one or the other.) He has just held three press conferences in the past week, including one big, live televised press conference in the State Department auditorium a la JFK. It went well. The nation's newspaper editors meeting in Washington — mostly Republican — thought Johnson would win re-election. The publishers meeting in New York— • • • ON THE BASIS OF HIS first five months in office, it is clear than Johnson is not disposed to delay, to postpone, to run away from hard decisions. He dared to take the railroad negotiations, which plagued both President Eisenhower and President Kennedy, into the White House—and this was no small political risk. He ventured upon a personal correspondence with Premier Khrushchev which led to the uranium production-cut agreement announced a few days ago. He listened to conflicting advice within his Administration over whether he should give his support to the anti Goulart military coup in Brazil before one could tell how democratic or undemocratic it was going to prove to be—and Johnson took the risk of supporting it, rejected the wait* and-see counsel. • • • I AM NOT SUGGESTING that the record is all rosy. The Panama negotiations were fumbled in the early stages. Our stake in Viet Nam needs much more persuasive Presidential exposition to keep public and Congressional support for what needs to be done. What is most visible, as transition government comes to an end, is that a very skilled politician and a massively do-it-now man is filling the Presidency to near bursting. Those who constantly compare President Johnson with President Kennedy will continue to be disappointed. He will never look and act like Kennedy. He will always look and act like Lyndon B. Johnson. © 1964 Publishers Newspaper Syndicate Stop reading word by word You can skip, skim or savor By THE READING LABORATORY INC. Written for Newspaper Enterprise Association (Time your reading of this column and compare your speed with that indicated at the end. The expected speed assumes a daily 5 per cent improvement.) many ways. He will read for information AND to evaluate. He'll read critical, opinionative writing alertly; he'll be on the lookout for poor reasoning, for invalid premises when he reads political comment. You read that a stateman gave a speech about this or that; your father will want to know why the statesman took that position, why the change in attitude, what he is really after. Your father will analyse that talk, bring his whole reading background to judge the content. Your father will get a lot more out of each development hecause he wants more, and it will take him more time. e • o WE'VE COVERED THE FOUR reasons for reading: 1. For information, and here you read at top speed, making use of all the steps. 3. For relaxation, and here you read fast but not so fast as for information. 3. For self-enrichment, and here you read more slowly because you don't want to miss any of a classic's beauty. 4. For critical evaluation, .and here you are not a passive observer, but an alert and questioning judge and jury. This is your slowest pace,' hut it should not be a slow pace after putting these columns into practice. (You should have completed this reading in 61 seconds.) (NEXT: Some Notes on Notes.) DIFFERENT KINDS OF reading require a different pace. Let's say you're given an assignment tonight in the appreciation of two poems by Robert Frost. Will you preread it, write down searching questions, skip and skim your way through it? Certainly not. Frost is meant to be savored for his style, his imagery, his choice of words. Furthermore, Frost is meant to be enjoyed; he wrote to delight you, to move your heart, not to give you facts. The same would be true with Dickens. His personal purpose in writing his classic novels may have been sociological, but what a mistake to dash through his books as you might a reference work in sociology. The simply peerless character delineations, the matchless descriptive passages all would be lost. You would mist the very heart and genius of the man. No, don't zigzag through Frost or Dickens. That technique has a place, but not here. • DID «W KNOW THAT THE "VAN" IN U0WI6 VAN BEETHOVEN DIDN'T MEAN AN</TruN6? mostly Republican — thought Johnson , would run even stronger than President Kennedy would have run. Few politicians or political writers would have held this view before Nov. 22 —that if the Vicepresident were compelled ' to take over he would be as strong, or stronger, politically than his. predecessor. This is further evidence of how quickly and completely Johnson has come to occupy the Presidency. • • BUT NOW YOUR ENGLISH literature assignment is finished and you can curl up with that mystery novel your friend loaned you. Your purpose now is altogether different; you're not looking for self-enrichment, you just want to relax. You know you can gloss over the author's prose without insulting a great master. Just the clues and the story is all you want and you're eager to see how the book ends. So speed makes sense, but don't skip and skim to the extent that you miss til the clues and spoil the fun. • • • AFTER DINNER YOU PICK up the paper. All you want is information. What'i happened around the world, In your home town, at last niht's sporting event. This you can read in about 15 minutes because your purpose called for top speed. Instant information instantly. Now your father reads the newspaper, hut his purpose If different from yours » Quick quiz % Q—How many different products come from trees? A—The products from trees are almost countless—it is estimated that than are more than 9,000 uses for'paper and paper pulp alone, s e e Q—Where was the birthplace of tilt naturalist John J. Audubon? A—Audubon himself thought ho was born near New Orleans, La., when Louisiana was still French territory. Many historians, however, believe that he was born In Haiti. -...-».• Untitled Document Thomas M. Tryniski 309 South 4th Street Fulton New York 13069 www.fultonhistory.com By EVELYN BARRETT BRITTEN City Historian Saratoga Springs has always been on the alert to recognize talent, whatever the race or creed. Two of the greatest artists of all time, who wore introduced to Saratoga Springs audiences were Negroes—Caesexette Jones, called familiarly "Black Patti," and Harry Thacker Burleigh, famed soloist whose arrangement of "Deep River" is immortal. o e • THE SARATOGA STORY of both makes interesting history. Cesaeretta Jones, whose rise to fame was swift, possessed a voice resembling that of the famous Adeline Patti, who had made several American tours, and was received by huge audiences. So like the famed Patti's voice was that of Miss Jones, that she was known throughout her singing career as "Black Patti". In the 1880s and lttO's, her magnificent voice was heard as a soloist at various concerts held in Congress Psrk, and shortly after the completion of Convention Hall in 1894 she sang there, -receiving one of the greatest ovations accorded by the 5,000 people from near and far who jammed the hall to hear her sing, Marguerite in Gounod's opera "Faust." This was the role in which Adeline Patti had scored her greatest success. e e • THERE ARE FEW STORIES more intriguing than the discovery of one of the greatest of all Negro lingers, Harry Thacker Burleigh, here in Saratoga Springs. In the summer of 1880 Burleigh was a wine boy serving in the Grand Union Hotel, and was attracted to attend classes at Bethesda Church which the late beloved rector, the Rev. Dr. Joseph Carey, was holding in the church afternoons for a group of boys from many cities who were working in the great hotels. Dr. Carey .organized one of the most worthwhile choirs ever assembled in our resort. To this service one afternoon in the 1880's came Burleigh, having an inner craving for music. He was singing with the choir one afternoon, all intent on his music, when suddenly he became quite embarassed and confused to find himself singing alone. All the other boys, thrilled by his voice, were silent, listening intently. His voice died away at the end of a hymn. Dr. Carey urged him to go on. The memory of his beautiful singing was recounted by the youths to many visitors they served at the various hotels. The services at 4 p.m. began to attract such crowds there was not room for all to hear. To one of the services that year also came the mother of the famous American composer, Edward C. MacDowell. She was Mrs. Frances Knapp MacDowell, a guest at the United States Hotel. Like the others she was entranced and came again and again to hear the Negro youth. ' at • • m^__^^__^^__ IN 1892, MBS. MAC DOWELL made it possible for Burleigh to attend the National Conservatory of Music in New York, where another of his friends became ton Dvorak, American composer, a MacDowell's son was Burleigh's ideal ana so there was little wonder that he chose on many occasions in his concerts to sing, the song for which Edward C. MacDowell became doubly famous, "to a Wild Rose." Burleigh for 52 years was the baritone soloist in St. George's Protestant Episcopal Church in New York City, and it was a tradition on every Palm Sunday, that ho should sing The Psalms, his audience coming from many other parishes to hear this. • e • WHEN THE GREAT SOLOIST observed the golden anniversary of his career, some years before his death, a reception was given him in St. George's Parish House, which was thronged to capacy by the great and the lowly, the wealthy and thq poor. Harry Thacker Burleigh never forgot Sartaoga Springs. He told some Saratogians who attended the reception, "I have a warm spot in my heart for Saratoga Springs and for its people. I'll never ferj • get the start I received there. It gave me encouragement to strive higher." v.0 • • • WHEN BURLEIGH DIED several years ago, the New York newspapers gave him credit as being the moving spirit in saving the beautiful Negro spirituals for th world, some 5Q of which he arranged personally. He had sung them before the, kings and heads of many European countries. It was Burleigh's arrangement of "Deep Rixer," which featured the last Saratoga Festival given in Congress Park in 1959 and was sung by the late John Blanchard, a local soloist of real ability and talent, whose untimely death cut short a musical artist. • • • SARATOGA SPRINGS had the honor of of organizing the developing one of the first churches in this area for the colored race, the African Methodist Episcopal Church in Maple Avenue, founded in June, 1863. The Civil War was then in progress, and greater religious opportunities were sought for the Negroes, many of whom came here summers as the employes of visitors. The first church stood in Willow Walk, now Spring Avenue. In November 1866, the first little church was destroyed by fire. Rebuilt the following year, the church was dedicated by Bishop J. J. Clinton. In 1888, this first church was so badly in need of repairs, that, with money given by Mrs. Benjamin J. Dyer, the present edifice was erected in Maple Avenue, and named in honor of Mrs. Dyer then owner of the Vermont House, corner of Grove and Maple Ave., and called, the Dyer Memorial A. M. E. Zion Church. In 1900 the name of Phelps was added in memory of a summer cottager who gave $500 for improvements to the church. In this church many important soloists were heard in a half century, and the Negro spirituals reached their perfection as sung by many of the soloists who ca o cajttfK here summers. U.S. anti-gambling statutes Pressure closed Hot Springs (Second of Two Articles) By JAMES W. CANAN Gannett News Service Washington—The closing of a big-time gambling operation in Arkansas last year illustrates the power that has accrued to federal lawmen under the 1961 anti-gambling statutes. The Justice Department tried two years ago to indict the gamblers who ran the games in Hot Springs, but failed. It lacked enough evidence that the games were "interstate." But the department kept trying, and doggodness prevailed. With the help of the local press, the federal men pressured the state into closing the gambling enterprise to avoid future trouble. Without the anti-gambling laws, the Department would not have been in a position to keep up the pressure, much less seek indictments in the first place. • e e SEVERAL OTHER CASES whore indictments ware lacking hut where gamblers voluntarily took cover demonstrate the difficulty of measuring the impact of the laws on a ease-by-ease basis. But where the impact can he gauged that way, the laws Mem to have served well Items: o The breakup o! a dice game in Reading, Pa., and indictment of IB men involved in it. They had made the mistake of "lugging" several players across the New Jersey line. Agents found $26,000 on the table. e The arrest and indictment of Harold Konigsberg of New Jersey and Angels Bruno, allegedly the top Philadelphia-area racketeers, on conspiracy eharges stemming indirectly, from the laws. e The imprisonment of Frank Zizzo, a Hammond, Ind.. gambler suspected of fronting for the Chicago "Cosa Nostra." He wasn't caught crossing the Djdiaaaniinois line, but he was tied to two henchman who had. • The indictment of William Gearhart, owner of a casino at White Sulphur Springs, W. Vs., on a charge of crossing into Ohio to bank his receipts. e The conviction of Marvin P. Kabase, • renowned Alabama gambler. He had used telephone company credit cards to phone out-of-state bookies. o The imprisonment of Joseph Manieri and several others operating a New York. New Jersey-Connecticut numbers racket described as on* of the very biggest. The FBI said they collected bets averaging more than $20,000 a day. e The voluntary closing of several racing-news wire services, including the Noli Now* of Louisiana, one of the most e The arrest of 10 "turf tiottors,r in New York, one of whom did a $60.ooo-aday business. They waft safe from the FBI just being touts, but not whoa they used Western Union money orders to distribute winnings. e The closing of a big "monte" game at Myrtle Beach, S.C., on the evidence that one of the players had paid up with a check from a bank in another stato> * \ ALL TOLD,, THE JUSTICE Department has used the 1961 laws to conduct 14,524 investigations in fields it couldn't have touched without them. Among the investigations have been—and are—224 in New York (mostly in the New York City area), 60 in Connecticut and 40 in New Jersey. Eighty-one indictments have been re* turned. Of the 264 defendants charged, 118 have been convicted. There are 31 indictments outstanding, involving 97 defendants. Except for Bruno, and possibly Konigsberg and Zizzo, the quarries caught under the 1961 ststutes hardly seem worth the attention of the FBI and the federal courts. But the Justice Department contends that this attitude of not bothering to crack down on the journeyman has served, over the years, to fatten the kingpins the most. , e e o TO SHOW THAT IT IS getting a better grip on organized crime across the board, the department cites its 288 convictions last year, as compared with 138 in 1962, 73 in 1961 and 45 in 1960. Perhaps even more indicative of the department's activity were the 615 organized-crime indictments returned in 1963, nearly double the number of 1962, five times as many as in 1961, and a whopping twelvefold more than in 1960. The indictments and convictions cover mostly operators of casinos, numbers rackets, horse rooms, dice games, handbooks and, in a few cases extortion enterprises. That they fall shy of the big names in narcotics, prostitution, coinvending machines and illegal liquor traffic; is a cause of some gloom at the Justice Department. Yet the crime laws of 1961 have given the department a better chance to chip away at the thrones of the kings of crime and the hope that harder blows are in the making. THE SARATOGIAN SCtmber: The Gannett Group " Founded 1854 » Published daily except Sunday The Saratogian, Inc., Telephone * Saratoga Springs 5844242 Robert D. Wilkinson General Mgr. Fred G. Eaton . . . Editor John V. Hannigan ....'.. Business MgaW Member: Audit Bureau of Circulation!^ Second-class postage paid at Saratoga Springs. The Associated Press is entitled exclusively to the use for republication of all local news printed in this newspaper. Gannett Advertising Sales, Inc.' National Representative, 1271 Avenues of America New York 20, N.Y. New York, Syracuse, Detroit, .• Chicago, San Francisco SUBSCRIPTION carrier . . . ; B One iSS RATCI 4*0 per wee* Tew $1300 Mn*itns Three Month* One Month 7 0O «.....»,.,».,»,, S.7| 1.35 Mall rates apply only where Met* li n o > delivery •errlce. M a l i »ub•cription mult be accompanied tw WHlanw to cover � https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/63923982ea7f17114d2460442dbbf8a5.jpg 91f148bb09baaa31934eca5a2dd603fb Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Harry T. Burleigh 150th Commemoration Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document Saratoga Springs has always been on the alert to recognize talent, whatever the race or creed. Two of the greatest artists of all time, who wore introduced to Saratoga Springs audiences were Negroes—Caeserette Jones, called familiarly "Black Patti," and Harry Thacker Burleigh, famed soloist whose arrangement of "Deep River" is immortal. o e • THE SARATOGA STORY of both makes interesting history. Cesaeretta Jones, whose rise to fame was swift, possessed a voice resembling that of the famous Adeline Patti, who had made several American tours, and was received by huge audiences. So like the famed Patti's voice was that of Miss Jones, that she was known throughout her singing career as "Black Patti". In the 1880s and lttO's, her magnificent voice was heard as a soloist at various concerts held in Congress Park, and shortly after the completion of Convention Hall in 1894 she sang there, -receiving one of the greatest ovations accorded by the 5,000 people from near and far who jammed the hall to hear her sing, Marguerite in Gounod's opera "Faust." This was the role in which Adeline Patti had scored her greatest success. e e • THERE ARE FEW STORIES more intriguing than the discovery of one of the greatest of all Negro lingers, Harry Thacker Burleigh, here in Saratoga Springs. In the summer of 1880 Burleigh was a wine boy serving in the Grand Union Hotel, and was attracted to attend classes at Bethesda Church which the late beloved rector, the Rev. Dr. Joseph Carey, was holding in the church afternoons for a group of boys from many cities who were working in the great hotels. Dr. Carey .organized one of the most worthwhile choirs ever assembled in our resort. To this service one afternoon in the 1880's came Burleigh, having an inner craving for music. He was singing with the choir one afternoon, all intent on his music, when suddenly he became quite embarrassed and confused to find himself singing alone. All the other boys, thrilled by his voice, were silent, listening intently. His voice died away at the end of a hymn. Dr. Carey urged him to go on. The memory of his beautiful singing was recounted by the youths to many visitors they served at the various hotels. The services at 4 p.m. began to attract such crowds there was not room for all to hear. To one of the services that year also came the mother of the famous American composer, Edward C. MacDowell. She was Mrs. Frances Knapp MacDowell, a guest at the United States Hotel. Like the others she was entranced and came again and again to hear the Negro youth. ' at • • m^__^^__^^__ IN 1892, MBS. MAC DOWELL made it possible for Burleigh to attend the National Conservatory of Music in New York, where another of his friends became Anton Dvorak, American composer. MacDowell's son was Burleigh's ideal so there was little wonder that he chose on many occasions in his concerts to sing, the song for which Edward C. MacDowell became doubly famous, "to a Wild Rose." Burleigh for 52 years was the baritone soloist in St. George's Protestant Episcopal Church in New York City, and it was a tradition on every Palm Sunday, that ho should sing The Psalms, his audience coming from many other parishes to hear this. *** WHEN THE GREAT SOLOIST observed the golden anniversary of his career, some years before his death, a reception was given him in St. George's Parish House, which was thronged to capacy by the great and the lowly, the wealthy and thq poor. Harry Thacker Burleigh never forgot Sartaoga Springs. He told some Saratogians who attended the reception, "I have a warm spot in my heart for Saratoga Springs and for its people. I'll never ferj • get the start I received there. It gave me encouragement to strive higher." • • • WHEN BURLEIGH DIED several years ago, the New York newspapers gave him credit as being the moving spirit in saving the beautiful Negro spirituals for th world, some 50 of which he arranged personally. He had sung them before the, kings and heads of many European countries. It was Burleigh's arrangement of "Deep River," which featured the last Saratoga Festival given in Congress Park in 1959 and was sung by the late John Blanchard, a local soloist of real ability and talent, whose untimely death cut short a musical artist. Abstract (& Historical Note) Natural language description of the map itself, providing a general summary of the map and noting significant features. This is the place to introduce keywords and proper names that might be of interest to researchers, but do not warrant a separate subject heading of their own. Inset maps should also be described here, with their full titles given. Whenever historical or explanatory information is available, it should be included here as well. This includes information about items or events that are larger than just the map itself; for example, information about cartographers, a description of the map's historical significance (for example, "This is the first printed map of Saratoga Springs"), notes on the laws leading to a map's creation, descriptions of changes in state or county lines, information about the organization that created the map, how often maps were updated, and information about the map's creation and publication. Many State Archives maps have historical information in the catalog record -- that should be captured in this field. This article contains many unproven, unsubstantiated assertions about Burleigh's time in Saratoga Springs starting in 1880 and his discovery by a New York City socialite. While the story may be true, the documentary record has not yet provided evidence to confirm it. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chronicles of Saratoga: Negro greats sang in city Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 24/04/1964 April 24, 1964 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. The Saratogian Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Evelyn Barret Britten Britten, Evelyn Barret https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/fb0071e6f7ea8c3b92f6e23ea7dfa458.jpg 98ea060ad899c82d0bc10a322645f3c4 https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/5b104ca7205e0f41db9dd321faa3c3f6.mp3 8227d5a94a2c8e2efd4f4def5d9106b9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource We Are the Same, But Different https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/d165811e0e48432ccee4707008d60d8a.mp3 4536c95963210b2be5b269c9616c84ae Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Who am I? https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/77245533b415859f0a9791da7e6a3a36.mp3 130160d59569852b8bd2cc780635bad4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Mestizo/a Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Ricky Ríos Record Contributor Individual who prepared the item and/or edited it. Sarah Cobrun Ricky Ríos Record Creation Date Day/Month/Year of record creation/edit 04/26/2016 Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Cinthia Durán Location The location of the interview Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Cinthia Durán Interview Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 04/03/2016 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ricky Rios culture Ecuador ethnicity Gender identity Indigenous Latin America Latina Latino Latinx Mestiza mestizo race Skidmore College https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/c004a67c4897ea7e5f606736558792b9.jpg 4340bf0391751c8c533e54d9c05e3d4e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Adult and Senior Center of Saratoga Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Record Creation Date Day/Month/Year of record creation/edit 5/12/17 Record Contributor Individual who prepared the item and/or edited it. Phoebe Radcliffe Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1964-60YearsYoung-CircularClosed Title A name given to the resource Circular Closed Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 11/12/1964 1964 Description An account of the resource A newspaper clipping about the center's lack of funding leading it to close Provenance A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource. Adult and Senior Center of Saratoga Language A language of the resource English Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Newspaper 162 circular Saratoga Springs Senior Center https://www.ssmp.mdocs.skidmore.edu/files/original/d55c46083c690460fe895b1ba95cfb34.jpg 0c497e1675d16da12a0925339de5efc7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Adult and Senior Center of Saratoga Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Record Creation Date Day/Month/Year of record creation/edit 5/12/17 Record Contributor Individual who prepared the item and/or edited it. Phoebe Radcliffe Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1964-60YearsYoung-CitizenCenterisActive Place Title A name given to the resource Citizen Center is Active Place Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 11/2/64 1964 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Saratogian Description An account of the resource A newspaper article reporting on the Center as an active place for seniors in the community Provenance A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource. Adult and Senior Center of Saratoga Language A language of the resource English Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Newspaper active Saratoga Springs Senior Center